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1
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This article presents an analysis about teacher’s education possibilities regardingtheir professional context in elementary education. For this, a conceptual reviewabout relationship between education and community is explained. In this analysis,the educational processes’ characteristics from this perspective are highlighted, aswell as their implications. Subsequently, some guidelines about teacher’s education from this view are exposed and a systemic approach of education are presented taking into account educational factors inside and outside the school, as well as the teacher as an agent who learns permanently.
2
artículo
Publicado 2025
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The field of psychological assessment is undergoing a marked transition from traditional methodologies toward approaches that incorporate technological innovations, including digital platforms, serious games, chatbots, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence (AI). This article presents a review of current and emerging technological tools in psychological assessment, with particular emphasis on technology-based assessments (TBAs)—instruments that rely on digital technologies to evaluate a wide range of psychological constructs. The article describes the main types of TBAs, outlines their applications in assessing diverse psychological variables, and analyzes their growing use in psychological assessments. It highlights both the advantages and limitations of these tools and considers international guidelines for developing and implementing TBAs thatare valid, reliable, and fair. Ove...
3
artículo
Publicado 2025
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The field of psychological assessment is undergoing a marked transition from traditional methodologies toward approaches that incorporate technological innovations, including digital platforms, serious games, chatbots, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence (AI). This article presents a review of current and emerging technological tools in psychological assessment, with particular emphasis on technology-based assessments (TBAs)—instruments that rely on digital technologies to evaluate a wide range of psychological constructs. The article describes the main types of TBAs, outlines their applications in assessing diverse psychological variables, and analyzes their growing use in psychological assessments. It highlights both the advantages and limitations of these tools and considers international guidelines for developing and implementing TBAs thatare valid, reliable, and fair. Ove...
4
artículo
Publicado 2016
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The objective of this article is to offer those responsible for the Peruvian health rectorship reflections on sectoral policy derived from the study of the country’s National Health Accounts (1995-2014). While it is true that the country has increased its spending on health from 4.4 to 5.2% of GDP, 33% of its total funding comes from household «out of pocket expense», which indicates that change is necessary. Problems in the responsiveness of the health system to greater funding and public expenditure, linked to issues of rectorship and service organization, are apparent.Although there has been an increase in numbers of people with insurance, the restrictions on what is covered prevent the great majority of these people accessing health services. The most important change in the public administration of expenditure has been decentralization, while in the private administration it has...
5
artículo
Publicado 2025
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The aim of this article is to analyze, from a comparative perspective, personal preventive measures and their regulation in the context of corruption associated with transnational organized crime. To achieve this, two closely related factors will be addressed: on the one hand, the political-criminal projection of these precautionary measures in the crime of corruption associated with transnational organized crime and, on the other hand, how and in what way different countries regulate their concurrence and application in this type of crime. In this way, together with a critical assessment of their foundations and criteria of correctness, it will be concluded that only through the establishment of homogeneous and uniform guidelines will it be possible to ensure that these preventive measures are effectively applied against this type of crime.
6
artículo
Publicado 2023
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Problem: What type of spiritual responses are produced in the face of a life-threatening disease such as cancer? The answers can be varied, but what common features are found? Objective To carry out a qualitative exploration of the sense of spirituality in 5 Mexican patients with Cancer. Material: a spirituality scale (validated by judge) from the Spanish Society of Palliative Care (SECPAL) was validated for its application in Mexican patients terminal or not that suffer or suffered of cancer. Method: the questionnaire was administered to five patients with cancer via videoconference, and subsequently transcriptions were made and analyzed using the hermeneutic method. Results: several constants were discovered in all patients, such as the importance of family and couple, affiliation to a religious community and the notion of God's will. Conclusions: the sample allowed us to identify some...
7
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The main characteristic of great leaders is their ability to perceive the depth of their inner world and interact with the surrounding universe. In terms of this characteristic, in Peru there are two historic figures that stand out: Luis Bedoya Reyes and Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre. These two men possessed higher levels of consciousness. There are 11 different levels of consciousness, considered as permanent features, and which are classified according to the spectrum of colors, from infrared to clear light. Peruvian politics is at low levels of consciousness, and conscious leadership can be a very effective, advantageous, and practical means to reach higher levels of consciousness, both in the field of politics, as well as in companies and organizations of all kinds.
8
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The main characteristic of great leaders is their ability to perceive the depth of their inner world and interact with the surrounding universe. In terms of this characteristic, in Peru there are two historic figures that stand out: Luis Bedoya Reyes and Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre. These two men possessed higher levels of consciousness. There are 11 different levels of consciousness, considered as permanent features, and which are classified according to the spectrum of colors, from infrared to clear light. Peruvian politics is at low levels of consciousness, and conscious leadership can be a very effective, advantageous, and practical means to reach higher levels of consciousness, both in the field of politics, as well as in companies and organizations of all kinds.
9
artículo
Publicado 2020
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The main characteristic of great leaders is their ability to perceive the depth of their inner world and interact with the surrounding universe. In terms of this characteristic, in Peru there are two historic figures that stand out: Luis Bedoya Reyes and Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre. These two men possessed higher levels of consciousness. There are 11 different levels of consciousness, considered as permanent features, and which are classified according to the spectrum of colors, from infrared to clear light. Peruvian politics is at low levels of consciousness, and conscious leadership can be a very effective, advantageous, and practical means to reach higher levels of consciousness, both in the field of politics, as well as in companies and organizations of all kinds.
10
artículo
Publicado 2024
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One of the major questions faced by researchers analyzing social movements and collective action revolves around determining what happens when a social movement fails to develop, sustain over time, or even establish itself. This phenomenon is often seen as a negative process, characterized by apathy and absence of resources or political opportunities. This question remains relatively unexplored in academic circles dedicated to the study of social movements, prompting Lapegna in his book Transgenic Argentina. From resilience to adaptation, an ethnography of peasant populations, to revisit the analysis of demobilization. The author starts from the premise that this is a process and mechanism involving decision-making and activity, challenging theories that characterize it negatively. Lapegna ethnographically analyzes a case in Moreno (Formosa, Argentina), where the soy boom and the use of ...
11
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At present, social responsibility presents a problem and this refers to whether the social responsibility is only limited to social issues. Based on that scenario, the author emphasizes highlighting a broader vision that includes issues of human rights, the environment and relationships with local communities. Likewise, there is another parallel conflict between private business actors and the protective actions of public authorities. In other words, there is a regulatory vacuum of strategic and technical limitations that do not make it possible to assemble national and international public policies and programs. In this way, the author outlines the difficulty of implementing national and international norms and, consequently, the difficulty of enforcing compliance with private entities. However, there is a recent and growing complementarity between ILO standards and social initiatives o...
12
artículo
Publicado 2019
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New versions of the metaheuristic Multi-Particle Collision Algorithm (MPCA) are presented. In order to provide more effective candidate solutions for an optimization problem, the concept of opposition and reflection is introduced to improve the capacity to find a solution in the search space. Four different strategies to compute the reflected and opposite points are implemented. The performance of all implementations is evaluated over thirty objective functions with different complexities, using serial and parallel versions of the algorithms.
13
artículo
Publicado 2019
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New versions of the metaheuristic Multi-Particle Collision Algorithm (MPCA) are presented. In order to provide more effective candidate solutions for an optimization problem, the concept of opposition and reflection is introduced to improve the capacity to find a solution in the search space. Four different strategies to compute the reflected and opposite points are implemented. The performance of all implementations is evaluated over thirty objective functions with different complexities, using serial and parallel versions of the algorithms.
14
artículo
Publicado 2024
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This study analyzes whether gender constitutes a modifying circums tance in criminal law. For this purpose, it takes as an example the Spanish case, where in recent decades there has been a change in the criminal policy of the State in favor of a criminal law with a gender perspective, specifically in genderbased violence. The article concludes that the term «gender violence» is appropriate because it responds to the essence of this phenomenon, whose particularities have led to a great impulse to its regulation in the Spanish legal system and in the international context. With a criminal policy of intolerance towards the manifestations of this type of violence, legislation with a gender perspective has been promoted, which has considered appropriate the inclusion of an aggravating modifying circumstance if the criminal acts are committed in a discriminatory manner in relation to ge...
15
artículo
Publicado 2015
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The main objective of this work is to demonstrate that the Legal Contract —a legal instrument, essential to our existence— as an institution of Civil Law, that enjoys all budgets to be considered as a Scientific Act, based on its features, its importance on the society and on the systematic and methodical evolution preceding to numerous studies that lead to determine principles and theories objectively supported.To demonstrate this proposal, is necessary the support of epistemology, philosophy, history, anthropology, sociology and comparative law in order to obtain a modest theoretical construction of its scientific line.
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artículo
Publicado 2022
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The title of this article responds to my experience as a judge of the Labor Court in and for Huanuco. Based on the notes of the closed cases on the different types of dismissals brought before my court, the data contained in statistical tables is analyzed to establish what type of contracts originated the termination of employment of the affected employees. The referred data shows that the claims were settled according to the law, the case law and the doctrine established in Peru over the course of the years, and it is concluded that the employees were the most affected and the municipalities were the most sued. Finally, proposals are made to prevent unjustified and/or arbitrary dismissals, and the scope of the binding precedent of the Huatuco case is explained.
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This text examines the impact of labor law principles in specific contexts, using as a case study the suspension of daylight saving time in Peru during 1986 and 1987. According to the facts of the case, this schedule, which reduced the working day for state and public administration workers, was restored to 8 hours by emergency decrees. Based on this, the validity of such decrees is questioned due to the non-compliance with the requirements of urgent and extraordinary necessity, as well as the violation of the workers' acquired rights. In this context, the author analyzes two possible interpretations of Article 44 of the Constitution: one of a progressive nature, which prohibits the retrogression in the protection of labor rights, and another that allows the extension of the working day within the 8-hour limit. By virtue of this, a balanced perspective is proposed that guarantees respect...
18
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The purpose of this text is to analyze hegemonic and hybrid masculinities, as well as their relationship, which has focused on young, white, and heterosexual men, and has thus reproduced structures of gender, race and sexual inequalities among other conditions that interweave and sustain the inequalities that are positioned in social structures, marginalizing those subordinate masculinities. This, without leaving aside studies that problematize the relational and power condition implied by the binary division of gender. In this sense, recent studies are analyzed to approach from the postcolonial theory the bases that still establish a unique subject that invisibilizes the representations of otherness. In this way, it is highlighted that hybrid masculine practices function to strengthen symbolic and social boundaries, as well as contribute to eternalize hierarchies in more subtle ways. Fi...
19
artículo
Publicado 2024
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In criminal law, there is a serious crisis that has been generated not only by the influence of ideological conflicts in political field, but also by the limited capacity of the legislator to evaluate our reality before introducing foreign legislative tendencies.These in many cases, generate confusion and hinder the search for effective solutions.In this context, JD. Manuel Abanto shares his reflections based on his extensive professional experience and valuable academic contributions.He shares that criminal law faces multiple challenges, highlighting among them its excessive use as the first defense mechanism against all the evils of Peruvian society.
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Durkheim ha tenido un evidente impacto en la construcción de la sociología como una ciencia, ya que, a través del método sociológico, establece las bases ontológicas, epistemológicas y metodológicas de aquello que la sociología considerará como objeto de estudio y la forma en que el cientista social debe acercarse a lo externo. El objetivo del presente ensayo es comprender, desde los principios fenomenológicos hermenéuticos de Gadamer,aquellos postulados defendidos y planteadas por el autor y las influencias no declaradas al momento de redactar Las reglas del método sociológico. Con ese fin, se procederá a establecer el marco conceptual para la comprensión de Gadamer, para luego introducir los principios de Durkheim en la construcción de su marco conceptual, y, finalmente, analizar las influencias y la definición de cómo el sociólogo/a debe acceder al mundo desde la r...
