Sociodemographic and Economic Factors Influencing the Consumption of Chicken and Other Poultry in Peru in 2016-2020

• Autores: Zuazo, José, Amarista, Manuel
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2023
• Institución: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:revistas.upch.edu.pe:article/4557
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistas.upch.edu.pe/index.php/STV/article/view/4557
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: pollo; consumo; actores sociodemográficos; actores microeconómicos; factores macroeconómicos; chicken; consumption; sociodemographic factors; microeconomic factors; macroeconomic factors

The objective of this study was to analyze the sociodemographic, microeconomic, and macroeconomic factors that influenced chicken consumption in Peru from 2016 to 2020. An observational, descriptive, retrospective, and correlational study design was employed. Data were collected from the digital platform of the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (Midagri) and the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI). The results revealed steady growth in consumption. The Pearson correlation coefficient identified a strong, positive, and significant linear relationship between consumption and sociodemographic variables: educational level (r = 0.95; p= 0.01) and population growth (r = 0.99; p = 0.0004); macroeconomic factors: GDP (r = 0.90; p = 0.03) and import of hard yellow corn (r = 0.93; p = 0.01); and a microeconomic factor: national consumption of hard yellow corn (r= 0.99; p = 0.001). However, a negative relationship was identified between consumption and inflation (r = –0.86; p = 0.057). Additionally, the coefficient of determination was calculated for the variables showing a significant relationship, yielding values higher than 0.81. Thus, it was determined that these independent variables explain more than 80% of the variance in chicken consumption. It is concluded that consumption is negatively influenced by external factors such as variations in chicken prices, increases in raw material costs, or internal factors such as rising inflation, which negatively affect household income and generate food insecurity among vulnerable populations.