Reduction in Helicobacter pylori infection among patients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Santiago, Chile, between 2010-2020

• Autores: Silva, Felipe, Latorre, Gonzalo, Medel, Patricio, Bustamante, Miguel, Montero, Isabella, Robles , Camila, Dukes, Eitan, Martinez, Francisca, Binder, María Victoria, Uribe, Javier, Reyes , Diego, Bittner , Marcela, Sirhan, Marisol, Espinoza , Manuel, Fuentes-López, Eduardo, Candia, Roberto, Agüero, Carlos, Vargas, José Ignacio, Espino, Alberto, Riquelme, Arnoldo
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Sociedad de Gastroenterología del Perú
• Repositorio: Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs.revistagastroperu.com:article/1624
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistagastroperu.com/index.php/rgp/article/view/1624
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Bacterias; Endoscopía gastrointestinal; Cáncer gástrico; Bacteria; Endoscopy, gastrointestinal; Gastric Cancer

Latin America presents a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Between 1996-2003, the prevalence in Santiago, Chile, was 70%; recent studies indicate a decrease in this infection. Updating the frequency of Hp is crucial due to its associated health impact. Objective: Our objective was to describe the trend in Hp infection in patients undergoing ambulatory esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a Chilean population. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients over 18 years old who attended a first EGD with a rapid urease test between 2010-2020. Time trends were described through time series analysis. A Poisson model was constructed to estimate the risk of infection, adjusted for age and gender. Results: 11,355 patients were included [66.9% females; mean age 52 years; Hp 41.6%]. Male gender presented a higher frequency of Hp infection [RR 1.13; (95% CI: 1.08-1.18)]. Hp frequency infection decreased significantly from 45.1% in 2010 to 29% in 2020, with a 36% lower probability of Hp infection in 2020 compared to 2010 [RR 0.64; (95% CI: 0.55-0.74)]. A progressive decline in Hp infection trend was projected, reaching values close to 25% by year 2025. Conclusion: A significantreduction in Hp infection was observed between 2010-2020. This decrease could be explained by the implementation of public health policies in the last decade associated with socio-sanitary changes.