The field study was conducted in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru to clinically diagnose bovine enzootic vesical hematuria (BEVH) by the urinalysis test, in conjunction with clinical and semiological evaluation of the animals, and the assessment of the farm. Urinary samples were collected by external manual stimulation of the perivulvar and perineal area in 211 female cattle, older than 6 months of age, and naturally exposed to consumption of braken fern – Pteridium aquilinum (Pa). Samples were analyzed using reagent strips (RS), physicochemical characteristics (color, turbidity, specific weight and pH), complementary chemical tests (protein, glucose and bilirrubin), and microscopic evaluation of the sediment (EMS). EMS is a confirmatory test for BEVH and highly relevant for subclinical cases (microhematuria). EMS results varied in intensity and therefore, a new classification based on the number...

The field study was conducted in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru to clinically diagnose bovine enzootic vesical hematuria (BEVH) by the urinalysis test, in conjunction with clinical and semiological evaluation of the animals, and the assessment of the farm. Urinary samples were collected by external manual stimulation of the perivulvar and perineal area in 211 female cattle, older than 6 months of age, and naturally exposed to consumption of braken fern – Pteridium aquilinum (Pa). Samples were analyzed using reagent strips (RS), physicochemical characteristics (color, turbidity, specific weight and pH), complementary chemical tests (protein, glucose and bilirrubin), and microscopic evaluation of the sediment (EMS). EMS is a confirmatory test for BEVH and highly relevant for subclinical cases (microhematuria). EMS results varied in intensity and therefore, a new classification based on the number...

The purpose of the study was to describe the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the structures that conforms the penis glans of the Peruvian guinea pig, and changes in the structure related to animal age. The study was conducted in 24 guinea pigs distributed in four age groups (1, 2 3, 5 months) of the Peru breed, where 20 samples taken for the macroscopic study and four for the microscopic study. The glans external surface is covered by small corneous scales of convex edge with tiny spicules directed to cranial. In the dorsal and ventral-lateral surfaces is observed the presence of extended and well-developed scales that are convex and have a free edge, with spicules directed dorsal-cranial. The glans sac is located dorsal to the penile urethra and the internal wall is covered by small scales and longitudinal folds and contains a pair of keratinaceous styluses. The os penis ...

The purpose of the study was to describe the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the structures that conforms the penis glans of the Peruvian guinea pig, and changes in the structure related to animal age. The study was conducted in 24 guinea pigs distributed in four age groups (1, 2 3, 5 months) of the Peru breed, where 20 samples taken for the macroscopic study and four for the microscopic study. The glans external surface is covered by small corneous scales of convex edge with tiny spicules directed to cranial. In the dorsal and ventral-lateral surfaces is observed the presence of extended and well-developed scales that are convex and have a free edge, with spicules directed dorsal-cranial. The glans sac is located dorsal to the penile urethra and the internal wall is covered by small scales and longitudinal folds and contains a pair of keratinaceous styluses. The os penis ...