The objective of the present investigation was to establish whether there are differences in analogical reasoning and oral language processes in children from schools with education in Spanish with the influence of native languages versus Spanish speakers. 24 Socos students were evaluated; 30 from Huamanga, 30 from the Shipiba community and 30 Spanish speakers from Pachacútec. Significant differences were found in aspects such as phoneme discrimination, articulatory phonology, verbal memory, composition of sentences, description of actions, vocabulary, non-verbal intelligence, in favor of Pachacútec-Ventanilla students (those with the least linguistic interference), followed by students from Huamanga-Ayacucho; being the students of the rural community of Socos-Ayacucho. The same happened when the performance in non-verbal intelligence was compared. It is confirmed that exposing speaker...

analógico y los procesos del lenguaje oral en niños de escuelas con educación en castellano con influencia de lenguas originarias frente a niños hispanohablantes. Se evaluaron 24 alumnos de Socos, 30 de Huamanga, 30 de la comunidad Shipiba y 30 alumnos hispanohablantes de Pachacútec. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en aspectos como la discriminación de fonemas, fono articulatorio, memoria verbal, composición de frases, descripción de acciones, Vocabulario, inteligencia no verbal, a favor de los alumnos de Pachacútec- Ventanilla (los de menor interferencia lingüística), seguidos de los alumnos de Huamanga-Ayacucho; siendo los estudiantes de la comunidad campesina de Socos-Ayacucho. Lo mismo ocurrió cuando se comparó el rendimiento en razonamiento analógico. Se confirma que exponer a los hablantes de lenguas originarias a una educación en español no permite constr...

Este estudio analiza los resultados del Programa para la Estimulación de las Habilidades Prelectoras, al cual se ha denominado “Leíto. Preparémonos para la Lectura”, aplicado a una muestra de niños y niñas de educación inicial de la Provincia Constitucional del Callao. Los participantes fueron 60 niños y niñas, con una media de edad de 5 años, de dos instituciones educativas públicas de la Provincia Constitucional del Callao, en el Perú. Como parte del diseño seleccionado en la presente investigación, de los 60 sujetos, 30 de ellos fueron asignados al Grupo Experimental (GE) y 30 al Grupo Control (GC). Todos los sujetos fueron evaluados en dos momentos: pre y pos test con el Test de Habilidades Prelectoras (T.H.P.) de Velarde, E.; Meléndez, C.; Canales, R. y Lingán, K. (2010). Al grupo experimental se le aplicó el programa cognitivo y psicolingüístico de estimulaci�...

The objective of this research was to meet the standard of performance of students from third to sixth grade of primary education in the constitutional province of Callao in the psychological processes of writing: lexical, syntactic and planning evaluated through testing that, within the framework of this investigation, we drew up, accept and apply in 804 students from third to sixth grade of four socio-economic levels (a-B); C, D and E) of the constitutional province of Callao. We find that the total sample noted difficulties in the performance of the write in all assessed processes, especially in the drafting of narrative texts and in the allocation of punctuation signs a given text. As regards the second objective of the research that was the find if there are differences in the tasks evaluated according to socioeconomic level are differences in processes lexicons all tasks less in th...

This research had as objective develop, implement and validate lexicons (write to the dictation of words and sentences to assess mastery of the phonological path and write words to assess the visual route spelling), a program of stimulation of the psychological processes of the writing: syntactic process (ordering and complete words, placing punctuation) and planning of measured Scripture through the construction of a sequence of stories and the drafting of a descriptive and narrative text. The sample was comprised of 111 students in 2nd and 3rd grade primary school (56 of the control group and 55 of the experimental group) of two state educational institutions of Callao. It was observed an increase in all the tasks mentioned except in the drafting of texts and narratives due to time factors. From the result we recommend the dissemination of this programme with the aim of forming student...

La investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer si existen diferencias en el razonamiento analógico y los procesos del lenguaje oral en niños de escuelas con educación en castellano con influencia de lenguas originarias frente a niños hispanohablantes. Se evaluaron 24 alum-nos de Socos, 30 de Huamanga, 30 de la comunidad Shipiba y 30 alumnos hispanohablantes de Pachacútec. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en aspectos como la discriminación de fonemas, fono articulatorio, memoria verbal, composición de frases, descripción de ac-ciones, Vocabulario, inteligencia no verbal, a favor de los alumnos de Pachacútec- Ventanilla (los de menor interferencia lingüística), seguidos de los alumnos de Huamanga-Ayacucho; siendo los estudiantes de la comunidad campesina de Socos-Ayacucho. Lo mismo ocurrió cuando se comparó el rendimiento en razonamiento analógico.

In 2008 a cognitive and psycholinguistic program was applied for reading improvement and other cognitive abilities such as phonologic awareness, verbal memory and oral language in eleven educative institutions in the province of Callao. After the control evaluations, both in pre and post test, a program for the improvement of the phonologic awareness was implemented in three classrooms of pre-elementary education called “Playing with Sounds”, and in eight schools of elementary education, a systematic group of activities for the improvement of decodification and reading comprehension resumed in three texts titled “Carla. Book to start reading and writing” and “Pati, Program to learn how to read and write consonant groups”. The result was that we found important differences after seven months of intervention in almost every educative institution, there were improvements in read...

El presente artículo presenta un estudio experimental que intenta comprobar los efectos de la aplicación de un Programa de Habilidades Metafonológicas titulado: “Jugando con los Sonidos” en niños de 8 a 10 años de edad, que cursan el tercer y cuarto grado de primaria, de nivel socioeconómico bajo, sobre la conciencia fonológica, la decodificación lectora y la comprensión de la lectura. Los estudios de pretest revelaron un bajo nivel de rendimiento en dichas variables pero el grupo experimental mejoró significativamente en todas las áreas evaluadas. Los resultados podrán ser generalizados en poblaciones que presentan características educativas y socioculturales similares.

El presente estudio es un estudio experimental que intenta comprobar los efectos de la aplicación de un Programa de Habilidades Metafonológicas titulado: “Jugando con los Sonidos” en niños de 8 a 10 años de edad que cursan el tercer y cuarto grado de primaria y que pertenecen al nivel socioeconómico bajo. Este programa ha sido elaborado a partir del modelo teórico de base cognitiva y psicolingüística y busca contribuir a la superación de las deficiencias en los alumnos (as) con dificultades de aprendizaje en la lectura. Se pretendió evaluar el efecto de dicho programa sobre la propia conciencia fonológica (en especial de la conciencia fonémica a través de sus cuatro tareas: síntesis, aislar, analizar y omitir), la decodificación lectora y la comprensión de la lectura. Se ha querido, además, observar el comportamiento de otras variables como el género, la edad y la i...

Determina si existen diferencias en el razonamiento analógico (inteligencia no verbal) y cada uno de los sub procesos de expresión verbal y de los subsistemas que conforman la lectura en escolares de instituciones educativas donde se imparte educación en castellano pero con influencia de habla originaria como es el caso de las lenguas amazónicas (shipibo) y de las lenguas andinas como el quechua, frente a aquellos que no presentan interferencias de lenguas originarias (niños hispanohablantes). La muestra estuvo conformada por 24 alumnos de primer y segundo grado de una institución educativa de la zona rural de Socos, 30 estudiantes de una escuela de Huamanga (capital de Ayacucho) ambos enseñados en lengua castellana, 30 estudiantes de la comunidad Shipiba localizados en el asentamiento de Cantagallo a quienes se les impartía educación en castellano y, por último, 30 alumnos his...

The study of executive functions is a subject that arouses the interest of researchers in neuropsychology and neuroscience. In particular, the evolutionary aspects of these neuropsychological functions, in an effort to be able to identify the way in which these functions appear in the child and how they take shape in adolescence, is a topic under exploration. The present investigation sought to determine if there were differences in the evolution of executive functions in children differentiated in age groups: 6-7 years, 8-9 years, 10-12 years. For this, the Battery of executive functions was used: BANFE 2, by Flores, Ostrosky and Lozano (2014). This is a basic research with a comparative descriptive design. The results showed significant differences in working memory and executive functions according to age range. This is particularly appreciated in the functions of Visuospatial Working...

The study sought to establish whether there are differences in levels of cognitive skills development and executive functions in bilingual children and Spanish monolingual children, belonging to the same socio-economic level. Twenty students from 5th and 6th grades of the Community of Socos were examined; 24 students of 5th and 6th grade of the educational institution "Virgen del Carmen", Pilacucho, Huamanga; 24 students from the I.E. intercultural bilingual: "Shipiba Community" in Cantagallo, Lima; and 18 students of 5 ° and 6 ° degree of "Santa Rosa de America" of Callao; with ages ranging from 10 to 12 years.They were examined intelligence with the Raven Test and executive neuropsychological functions with some subtests of BANFE (Flores-Ostrosky, 2012). The results showed significant differences between the groups, both in cognitive functioning and executive functions. The students ...

El estudio buscó establecer si existen diferencias en los niveles de desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas y funciones ejecutivas en niños bilingües y niños monolingües castellano, pertenecientes al mismo nivel socio- económico. Se examinó a 20 alumnos de 5° y 6° grado de la Comunidad de Socos; 24 alumnos de 5° y 6° grado de la Institución educativa “Virgen del Carmen”, Pilacucho, Huamanga; 24 estudiantes de la I.E. intercultural bilingüe: “Comunidad Shipiba” en Cantagallo, Lima; y 18 estudiantes de 5° y 6° grado de “Santa Rosa de América” del Callao; con edades que fluctúan entre los 10 y 12 años. Se examinó inteligencia con el Test de Raven y funciones neuropsicológicas ejecutivas con algunos sub tests del BANFE (Flores-Ostrosky, 2012). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos, tanto en funcionamiento cognitivo como en las func...

The study sought to determine if there are differences in working memory and executive neuropsychological functions in children with different reading levels belonging to different socio-cultural realities. The sample was 71 students from Huancavelica and 82 students from Lima and Callao from the 3rd. And 4 to. Primary grade, all of Public Educational Institutions. It was a comparative descriptive study. First, the reading processes in the Huancavelica and Lima-Callao groups were evaluated with the PROLEC-R (Cuetos, Rodríguez, Ruano and Arribas, 2007), finding significant differences. On that basis, the Working Memory was evaluated, with subtests of the WISC-IV Test (Wechsler Intelligence Test-2006) and the executive neuropsychological functions with some BANFE tests (Flores-Ostrosky, 2012) in both groups. The results showed significant differences in Working Memory in favor of the Lima...

The study sought to determine if there are differences in working memory and executive neuropsychological functions in children with different reading levels belonging to different socio-cultural realities. The sample was 71 students from Huancavelica and 82 students from Lima and Callao from the 3rd. And 4 to. Primary grade, all of Public Educational Institutions. It was a comparative descriptive study. First, the reading processes in the Huancavelica and Lima-Callao groups were evaluated with the PROLEC-R (Cuetos, Rodríguez, Ruano and Arribas, 2007), finding significant differences. On that basis, the Working Memory was evaluated, with subtests of the WISC-IV Test (Wechsler Intelligence Test-2006) and the executive neuropsychological functions with some BANFE tests (Flores-Ostrosky, 2012) in both groups. The results showed significant differences in Working Memory in favor of the Lima...