Las corrientes superficiales oceánicas son de crucial interés debido a que transportan momentum, calor, salinidad y propiedades de un lugar a otro; permitiendo regular localmente y a grandes escalas las condiciones climáticas (Sudre et al., 2013). Dentro de este margen, la estimación de corrientes geostróficas y ageostróficas se han convertido en un método relevante para, en conjunto, aproximarse a las corrientes reales superficiales (Sudre and Morrow, 2008; Rio et al., 2013). Estas estimaciones de corrientes son obtenidas mediante la simplificación de la ecuación de movimiento (ecuación que describe la dinámica del océano, ec. 1) bajo ciertos supuestos, tales como que el océano se comporta como un medio homogéneo, ocupa una gran extensión espacial donde las aceleraciones locales son despreciables. Por lo tanto, la circulación oceánica en superficie queda regida por los ...

Transient mesoscale oceanic eddies in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems are thought to strongly affect key regional scale processes such as ocean heat transport, coastal upwelling and productivity. Understanding how these can be modulated at low-frequency is thus critical to infer their role in the climate system. Here we use 26 years of satellite altimeter data and regional oceanic modeling to investigate the modulation of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) off Peru and Chile by ENSO, the main mode of natural variability in the tropical Pacific. We show that EKE tends to increase during strong Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events along the Peruvian coast up to northern Chile and decreases off central Chile, while it is hardly changed during Central Pacific El Niño and La Niña events. However the magnitude of the EKE changes during strong EP El Niño events is not proportional to their strengt...

The dynamics of the Loop Current (LC) and the detached Loop Current eddies (LCEs) dominate the surface circulation of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and transport Caribbean Water (CW) into the gulf. In this work, 25 years (1993–2017) of daily satellite data are used to investigate the variability of these physical processes and their effect on chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations from 1998 to 2017, including temporal changes, mean differences, and regional concentration tendencies. The physical variables analyzed are absolute dynamic topography (ADT) and oceanic currents. From the ADT and oceanic current monthly climatologies, it is shown that there is an annual intrusion of CW with an inward incursion that starts in spring, peaks in the summer, reaches to 28∘ N and 90.45∘ W, and then retreats in winter to approximately 26.5 ∘ N and 88.3 ∘ W. Minimum surface Chl a concentrati...

The oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of Peru is recognized as a source of CO₂ to the atmosphere due to upwelling that brings water with high concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to the surface. However, the influence of OMZ dynamics on the carbonate system remains poorly understood given a lack of direct observations. This study examines the influence of a coastal Eastern South Pacific OMZ on carbonate system dynamics based on a multidisciplinary cruise that took place in 2014. During the cruise, onboard DIC and pH measurements were used to estimate pCO₂ and to calculate the calcium carbonate saturation state ( Ω aragonite and calcite). South of Chimbote (9ºS), water stratification decreased and both the oxycline and carbocline moved from 150m depth to 20–50m below the surface. The aragonite saturation depth was observed to be close to 50m. However, values <1.2 were detect...