The aim of this study was to identify native bacteria isolated from the intestinal tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with probiotic properties against Yersinia ruckeri. In the study, 48 healthy trout from the hatchery of the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (Puno, Peru) were used. The intestinal tract of the fry and juveniles was removed, and samples were taken from the intestinal mucosa. The samples were cultured on MRS agar and incubated at 30 °C for 24-48 h. The colonies were identified by their morphology and their inhibitory effect was evaluated in vitro against a Yersinia ruckeri strain isolated from a high mortality outbreak. Three isolates compatible with the genus Lactobacillus and one isolate compatible with the genus Bacillus were identified. These isolates showed inhibition halos greater than 9 mm in diameter against Y. ruckeri.  

The aim of this study was to identify native bacteria isolated from the intestinal tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with probiotic properties against Yersinia ruckeri. In the study, 48 healthy trout from the hatchery of the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano (Puno, Peru) were used. The intestinal tract of the fry and juveniles was removed, and samples were taken from the intestinal mucosa. The samples were cultured on MRS agar and incubated at 30 °C for 24-48 h. The colonies were identified by their morphology and their inhibitory effect was evaluated in vitro against a Yersinia ruckeri strain isolated from a high mortality outbreak. Three isolates compatible with the genus Lactobacillus and one isolate compatible with the genus Bacillus were identified. These isolates showed inhibition halos greater than 9 mm in diameter against Y. ruckeri.  

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo describir y analizar la formación de un Complejo Convectivo de Mesoescala (CCM) en el Perú, usando las salidas del modelo regional Eta/SENAMHI. Para la formación de éste CCM se presentó una vaguada de onda corta del este en niveles medios y la Corriente en Chorro de bajos Niveles del Sur (SJ; siglas en ingles) que fue incentivado por la incursión de una Alta migratoria en continente generando vientos con escasa humedad desde las Pampas de Argentinas, desplazándose por las zonas bajas de Paraguay, selva de Bolivia e incursionando por la selva sur del Perú, que al encontrarse con las masas de aire cálido y húmedo procedentes de la Hoya Amazónica originó convergencia en bajos niveles dando lugar a la formación de nubosidad de gran desarrollo vertical en la selva Sur.

This paper presents a blasting method called controlled trim blasting, in which the rock mass of an unstable gallery where high levels of vibration have been detected is analyzed. This methodology comprises a drilling mesh with two-contour gallery assessment, producing its drilling machines and determining the type of explosive used and burden and spacing, which will be detonated after the internal blasting. Further, the internal blasting will possess its drilling machines, burden, spacing, and a second type of explosive. The separation of the gallery into smaller parts will improve the blasting, as verified in the recorded simulation. In addition, the rock-mass stability improves because the explosives used in the perimeter of the gallery are low-power with mild detonation pressure, which does not generate high levels of vibration. This is a practical and efficient method in areas where...

Internal combustion engines are the most commonly used engines in the automotive world. However, these engines lack an overheating prevention system against cooling system failures when they exceed their normal operating temperature. Less experienced drivers (users) usually do not notice overheating until the engine stops, generating economic expenses in engine repairs. As such, this paper describes the design and construction of an electromechanical device to prevent engine overheating. This device is installed in a vehicle and operates independently from the electronic control unit (ECU); it records the coolant temperature and controls air admission to the engine of the vehicle in which it is installed. In addition, a new Arduino-based card will receive signals from a temperature sensor as input and process them according to its programming. Then, it will send signal outputs to the act...

This research project modeled and simulated a ventilation system at a Mining Concession, obtaining real-time information regarding the fans used to ventilate the mine. The simulation was developed using the VENTSIM 5 software, which also helped define the number of fans and the operating parameters required, field information, mine dimensions, the mining method, production, geothermal gradient, gas emission, air stream, and air pressure. In addition, the results from software operation revealed the need to open chimneys and use fans. Furthermore, the results also suggest that a specialist dedicated to ventilation and fan maintenance must be hired to formalize mining operations as per the Occupational Safety and Health Mining Regulations from Executive Action No. 024-2016-EM as this Mining Concession is currently operating without license.

This research document on technological development is aimed at workers in small companies, those that are developing well and soon to emerge as companies that will be positioned at the top of their labor sector. Starting from the problem at present with respect to the bad manipulation of loads it is arranged to solve the problem with established objectives to try to correct the corporal posture at the time of lifting an object with a machine that replaces the functions of the worker. The design and the solution was made based on the requirements of the worker, workers who have the need to load objects at a certain height, here the man-machine relationship, demands and desires that help to achieve the general objective are analyzed. In addition, it has the main function of this machine: to lift heavy objects of up to 150 kg of mass, this due to the implementation of a hydraulic piston in...

This research project modeled and simulated a ventilation system at a Mining Concession, obtaining real-time information regarding the fans used to ventilate the mine. The simulation was developed using the VENTSIM 5 software, which also helped define the number of fans and the operating parameters required, field information, mine dimensions, the mining method, production, geothermal gradient, gas emission, air stream, and air pressure. In addition, the results from software operation revealed the need to open chimneys and use fans. Furthermore, the results also suggest that a specialist dedicated to ventilation and fan maintenance must be hired to formalize mining operations as per the Occupational Safety and Health Mining Regulations from Executive Action No. 024-2016-EM as this Mining Concession is currently operating without license.

This research document on technological development is aimed at workers in small companies, those that are developing well and soon to emerge as companies that will be positioned at the top of their labor sector. Starting from the problem at present with respect to the bad manipulation of loads it is arranged to solve the problem with established objectives to try to correct the corporal posture at the time of lifting an object with a machine that replaces the functions of the worker. The design and the solution was made based on the requirements of the worker, workers who have the need to load objects at a certain height, here the man-machine relationship, demands and desires that help to achieve the general objective are analyzed. In addition, it has the main function of this machine: To lift heavy objects of up to 150 kg of mass, this due to the implementation of a hydraulic piston in...

This paper presents a blasting method called controlled trim blasting, in which the rock mass of an unstable gallery where high levels of vibration have been detected is analyzed. This methodology comprises a drilling mesh with two-contour gallery assessment, producing its drilling machines and determining the type of explosive used and burden and spacing, which will be detonated after the internal blasting. Further, the internal blasting will possess its drilling machines, burden, spacing, and a second type of explosive. The separation of the gallery into smaller parts will improve the blasting, as verified in the recorded simulation. In addition, the rock-mass stability improves because the explosives used in the perimeter of the gallery are low-power with mild detonation pressure, which does not generate high levels of vibration. This is a practical and efficient method in areas where...

Internal combustion engines are the most commonly used engines in the automotive world. However, these engines lack an overheating prevention system against cooling system failures when they exceed their normal operating temperature. Less experienced drivers (users) usually do not notice overheating until the engine stops, generating economic expenses in engine repairs. As such, this paper describes the design and construction of an electromechanical device to prevent engine overheating. This device is installed in a vehicle and operates independently from the electronic control unit (ECU); it records the coolant temperature and controls air admission to the engine of the vehicle in which it is installed. In addition, a new Arduino-based card will receive signals from a temperature sensor as input and process them according to its programming. Then, it will send signal outputs to the act...

This study developed a reinforced steel rod bending machine for rods with diameters of up to 8 mm and annealed wire cutter for up to 5 kg for replacing manual intervention required to bend rods in reinforced concrete columns. This study aims to reduce the physical effort that could lead to occupational diseases, such as tenosynovitis, bursitis, muscle disorders. Clamp manufacturing possesses great risk for workers, who are exposed to injuries while using different cutting devices, such as grinders and electric saws. They also face potential problems such as muscular fatigue due to the nonergonomic and repetitive work positions. The proposed machine features a mechanical dragging and bending systems and manual shears. Additionally, the proposed machine has been designed theoretically and its effectiveness has been assessed through simulations conducted using the SolidWorks CAD software. A...

Earthquakes are a significant threat in countries with high seismic activity such as Peru, Chile, and Colombia, where the application of earthquake-resistant regulations is essential to ensure structural safety. The objective of this research is to determine the discrepancies in the use of criteria and designs of the earthquake-resistant regulations E.030 versus Nch433 and NSR-10, as well as how these affect loads, drifts, and accelerations. This is obtained through a comparative analysis of basal shear forces, story drifts, and spectral accelerations. Therefore, a model of a two-story confined masonry house located in San Juan de Miraflores, Lima, is made using Etabs software and complying with the minimum requirements of standard E.070. NSR-10 showed the greatest strength. basal shear with a value of 422.94 Tonf on both the “X” and “Y” axes by means of analysis Linear static. O...

This paper proposes the design of a quasi-experimental time-series model comprising lean manufacturing tools—such as the value stream mapping and 5S's—with the aim of reducing the level of waste and losses in a micro-company dedicated to the production of Alpaca wool clothing in Junín, Perú. The model implementation managed to reduce the level of waste by 7%, increase the efficiency in material consumption, and reduce the cycle time and total supply time. The implementation of the model allowed reducing the level of waste in the production process and creating an organizational culture based on order, cleanliness, discipline, and teamwork.

This study developed a reinforced steel rod bending machine for rods with diameters of up to 8 mm and annealed wire cutter for up to 5 kg for replacing manual intervention required to bend rods in reinforced concrete columns. This study aims to reduce the physical effort that could lead to occupational diseases, such as tenosynovitis, bursitis, muscle disorders. Clamp manufacturing possesses great risk for workers, who are exposed to injuries while using different cutting devices, such as grinders and electric saws. They also face potential problems such as muscular fatigue due to the nonergonomic and repetitive work positions. The proposed machine features a mechanical dragging and bending systems and manual shears. Additionally, the proposed machine has been designed theoretically and its effectiveness has been assessed through simulations conducted using the SolidWorks CAD software. A...

OBJECTIVE: Childhood obesity is a global problem, sociodemographic and cultural factors influence its presence. An analysis of disparities in the prevalence of childhood obesity in Peru was made by sex and region in 2015. METHODS: Analysis of the information reported by the Sistema de Información del Estado Nutricional of the number of obesity cases in 2,336,791 children under five years, evaluated in public health facilities during 2015. The distribution of obesity cases was analyzed by sex and region of residence, also a spatial projection of the regional prevalence of obesity and the prevalence differences between men and women was performed. RESULTS: Data from 2,336,791 children under five was analyzed. An obesity prevalence of 1.52% (girls: 1.3% and boys: 1.7%) was found; the highest prevalence were observed in urban areas (girls: 1.5% and boys: 1.9%) and on the Costa (girls: 1.9% ...

It is known that 33% of traffic accidents worldwide are caused by drunk driving or drowsiness [1] [2], so a drowsiness level detection system that integrates image processing was developed with the use of Raspberry Pi3 with the OpenCV library; and sensors such as MQ-3 that measures the percentage of alcohol and the S9 sensor that measures the heart rate. In addition, it has an alert system and as an interface for the visualization of the data measured by the sensors a touch screen. With the image processing technique, facial expressions are analyzed, while physiological behaviors such as heart rate and alcohol percentage are measured with the sensors. In image test training you get an accuracy of x in a response time of x seconds. On the other hand, the evaluation of the operation of the sensors in 90% effective. So the method developed is effective and feasible.

It is a descriptive correlational research, the aim was to analyzeand relatefactors sociodemographic, intra and extra organizational, with syndrome of burning  for the work(SBW)) of doctors, nurses (as) and obstetrician sof five hospitals from Ancash.The sample was 127 appointed professionals, 54 doctors, 57 nurses and 16 midwives, of both sexes,between 25 and 69 years old. It was applied the questionnaire syndrome burned by work in health care,DIRES Ancash -2011,validated by criteria of judges and pilot study,and MBI –MaslachBurnoutInventory. It was found that the majority(78.0%) of health professionals haveearly phase of burnout, low stress, and 2.4% are in the intermediate phasea nd 19.6% in the final phase,highstress chronic work and burnout. There are significant differences between occupational groups in relation to the dimension low personal realization, that doctors have a hig...

It is a descriptive correlational research, the aim was to analyzeand relatefactors sociodemographic, intra and extra organizational, with syndrome of burning  for the work(SBW)) of doctors, nurses (as) and obstetrician sof five hospitals from Ancash.The sample was 127 appointed professionals, 54 doctors, 57 nurses and 16 midwives, of both sexes,between 25 and 69 years old. It was applied the questionnaire syndrome burned by work in health care,DIRES Ancash -2011,validated by criteria of judges and pilot study,and MBI –MaslachBurnoutInventory. It was found that the majority(78.0%) of health professionals haveearly phase of burnout, low stress, and 2.4% are in the intermediate phasea nd 19.6% in the final phase,highstress chronic work and burnout. There are significant differences between occupational groups in relation to the dimension low personal realization, that doctors have a hig...

Objective: To estimate and analyze the evolution of mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer in Peru and its regions between 2005-2014. Material and methods: We performed a nationwide secondary analysis of Peru’s Health Ministry registry of deaths during the period 2005-2014, with a focus on regional differences. Deaths registered with codes C15 to C25 (malignant neoplasms of digestive organs) from the ICD-10 were included. Calculation of age-standarized mortality rates and years of life lost (YLL) due to GI cancer per 100,000 habitants were also performed. Results: Data of 67,527 deaths from GI cancers was analyzed, 35,055 (51.91%) were women. In 2005, the number of GI cancer deaths was 6,484, for 2014, 7,532 cases were recorded. The GI cancer age-standarized mortality rates at the country level showed a decrease of 12.70% between 2005-2014. Stomach cancer presented the highest...