Ecological systems known as ECOSAN allow a complete recovery of almost all nutrients and mineral nutrients in wastewater after a separately appropriate treatment from feces, urine and greywaters contributing to reuse of biol in agriculture and bioenergy through biogas. The research was conducted in the retreat house El Milagro, located at 32 ½ Km of the Lima - Huarochirí highway in the Lurín river basin. The retreat house has an ecological sanitation system built in 2007. The blackwaters (mixture of feces, urine and toilet water) come from 15 toilets with an average flow of 362.5 liters per week. The agricultural wastes were composed of cavy manure and corn plant waste. Cavy manure was collected from the cavy farm (about 200 cavies) and corn plant wastes were collected from the fields of crops. Semi-continuous load of the biodigester was done every seven days and consisted of a mixtur...

In this study, it was evaluated the quality of biogas and biolwhich are produced in tubular bio-digesters of PVC with two different mixtures: one with a ratio of 1/4 between manure and water, and other with a ratio of 1/5. These biodigesters were installed for researching in the Model Center of Waste Treatment – CEMTRAR of Universidad NacionalAgraria La Molina. The monitoring and analysis of biogas and biol were conducted from November 2009 to April 2010. It reached an average of 52% of CH4and 37.4% of CO2in the mixture of ¼, and an average of 53% of CH4 y 36.9% de CO2in the mixture of 1/5. The obtained biol in the study has a good amount of N-P-K. The quantities of Ca, Mg and Na found in the mixtures are similar to the organic fertilizers; therefore they can be used as fertilizers in hydroponic crops. The biol in fecal coliforms reached an average of 6.08x103 NMP/100 ml y 1.27x103 NM...

Ecological systems known as ECOSAN allow a complete recovery of almost all nutrients and mineral nutrients in wastewater after a separately appropriate treatment from feces, urine and greywaters contributing to reuse of biol in agriculture and bioenergy through biogas. The research was conducted in the retreat house El Milagro, located at 32 ½ Km of the Lima - Huarochirí highway in the Lurín river basin. The retreat house has an ecological sanitation system built in 2007. The blackwaters (mixture of feces, urine and toilet water) come from 15 toilets with an average flow of 362.5 liters per week. The agricultural wastes were composed of cavy manure and corn plant waste. Cavy manure was collected from the cavy farm (about 200 cavies) and corn plant wastes were collected from the fields of crops. Semi-continuous load of the biodigester was done every seven days and consisted of a mixtur...

In this study, it was evaluated the quality of biogas and biolwhich are produced in tubular bio-digesters of PVC with two different mixtures: one with a ratio of 1/4 between manure and water, and other with a ratio of 1/5. These biodigesters were installed for researching in the Model Center of Waste Treatment – CEMTRAR of Universidad NacionalAgraria La Molina. The monitoring and analysis of biogas and biol were conducted from November 2009 to April 2010. It reached an average of 52% of CH4and 37.4% of CO2in the mixture of ¼, and an average of 53% of CH4 y 36.9% de CO2in the mixture of 1/5. The obtained biol in the study has a good amount of N-P-K. The quantities of Ca, Mg and Na found in the mixtures are similar to the organic fertilizers; therefore they can be used as fertilizers in hydroponic crops. The biol in fecal coliforms reached an average of 6.08x103 NMP/100 ml y 1.27x103 NM...

The present investigation was to evaluate the behavior of two constructed wetlands in series with Phragmites australis for the treatment of domestic sewage. The wastewater source was captured drainage network of the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. The wastewater was conducted by pipes to a sedimentation tank and cylinders and subsequently distributed to two reservoirs installed in series planted with Phragmites australis : A Horizontal followed a vertical marsh swamp. The porous medium marsh consisted of gravel and sand substrates . The marshes were operating with subsurface flow under conditions of continuous power . Performance monitoring of the treatment system was conducted during the months of November 2000 and January 2001, with weekly sampling . In analyzing the behavior of TSS and BOD5 in the horizontal marsh A removal of 97.2 % and 79.6 % were obtained. The horizontal sw...

Projections made by scientists on the water situation point to Peru as one of the regions most threatened by the scarcity of water resources by 2025. Droughts in various regions, the progressive loss of glaciers, contamination of the coastal basins , the overexploitation of water resources, the irresponsible use of the water resource due to poor irrigation practices, the increasing demand for water in densely populated cities, are problems that are affecting today in those places in Peru where the water resource scarce. The measures to counter water scarcity will depend a lot on the right decisions made by the State and the rulers. Some experiences developed in the State of Israel can be taken into consideration for water management in Peru. The State of Israel planned and carried out intensive long-term Research and Development efforts to integrate wastewater into the country's water re...

Projections made by scientists on the water situation point to Peru as one of the regions most threatened by the scarcity of water resources by 2025. Droughts in various regions, the progressive loss of glaciers, contamination of the coastal basins , the overexploitation of water resources, the irresponsible use of the water resource due to poor irrigation practices, the increasing demand for water in densely populated cities, are problems that are affecting today in those places in Peru where the water resource scarce. The measures to counter water scarcity will depend a lot on the right decisions made by the State and the rulers. Some experiences developed in the State of Israel can be taken into consideration for water management in Peru. The State of Israel planned and carried out intensive long-term Research and Development efforts to integrate wastewater into the country's water re...

The present investigation was to evaluate the behavior of two constructed wetlands in series with Phragmites australis for the treatment of domestic sewage. The wastewater source was captured drainage network of the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. The wastewater was conducted by pipes to a sedimentation tank and cylinders and subsequently distributed to two reservoirs installed in series planted with Phragmites australis : A Horizontal followed a vertical marsh swamp. The porous medium marsh consisted of gravel and sand substrates . The marshes were operating with subsurface flow under conditions of continuous power . Performance monitoring of the treatment system was conducted during the months of November 2000 and January 2001, with weekly sampling . In analyzing the behavior of TSS and BOD5 in the horizontal marsh A removal of 97.2 % and 79.6 % were obtained. The horizontal sw...

Electrocoagulation is frequently studied considering only the current or current density as a determining parameter when looking for the optimal conditions of wastewater treatment; however, these are correlated to the charge loading parameter that regulates the dose of metal to be dissolved. Due to this, the present study incorporates the charge loading to find the optimal conditions of treatment by electrocoagulation to the effluents of a dairy industry, “La Planta Piloto de Leche” of Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, taking as a variable response to the removal of turbidity. Work has been done in batch on prototypes of 2.2 liters of effective capacity. The aluminum and iron electrodes, acting as anode and cathode respectively, were the best materials for the treatment, in addition, the highest turbidity removal was achieved at a pH of 8 and a charge flow of 5.65 F/m3, achieve...

The research study named “Influence of lactic fermentation (bokashi fertilizer) in the pre-compost for biogas and organic fertilizer production in batch digesters” approaches as a solution to treatment before placing solid wastes in the anaerobic reactors and there by improve the quality of the products generated: biogas and organic fertilizer.The research began in August 2012, using batch anaerobic reactors for three treatments. For the three treatments we used the same substrate was cow manure. The variation between the three treatments consisted of treatment before use: Treatment 1 was placed anaerobic reactors substrate without pretreatment, Treatment 2 was performed pre- composting to the substrate before placing the anaerobic reactor, and Treatment 3 was performed as pretreatment bokashi compost before placing the anaerobic reactor, bokashi was developed wit...

The present research aimed to evaluating the performance of Ulva lactuca in biogas production and biol, analyzing their interaction with cow rumen contents, for which organic waste from dining hall UNALM was used as substrate for the batch test potential biochemical methane (PBM) at laboratory scale. This pretreatment of the inoculum was performed, consisted in the incubation of Ulva lactuca to 20%, 30%, 50% and 100% and rumen contents for 15 days, then the test for determining methanogenic activity (SMA) for all samples and finally choose the best treatment characteristics of methane generation. The sample of 100% Ulva lactuca content and rumen contents obtained the best terms to use as inoculum in the PBM test where the volume of biogas was determined and biol quality was evaluated. The results showed that during the first 5 days the more methane is generated, the following days there ...

The purpose of the research project was to make bioplastic from potato starch, which was extracted from the waste of the peeling process by using an industrial peeler of low capacity. Likewise, it also sought to determine and evaluate the biodegradability of the elaborated bioplastic, for which the ISO 17556: 2012 Standard was taking as reference. The investigation had three stages, the first one was the extraction of the starch. In this stage, the variation of the temperature and the antioxidant additive sodium metabisulfite in the process was evaluated. The test carried out at room temperature and with 3% sodium metabisulfite resulted in obtaining a greater quantity of starch, so those quantities were used in the elaboration of the bioplastic. The starch presented a ratio of 26.21 / 73.79 amylose/amylopectin and a spectrum similarity of 89.8% with respect to the soluble starch spectrum...

The elaboration of Biol II-G was proposed to improve the properties of Biol I-G from cows, coming from a 10 m3 tubular biodigester which registered average values ​​of 7.05 pH and electrical conductivity 5.01 dS/m. For the preparation, lactic fermentation was carried out for a period of 5 days. The parameters that were evaluated in the biol samples were pH, lactic acidity, macronutrients (N, P, K), micronutrients, heavy and microbiological metals. The low pH in the fermentation ensured the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms. The results of the phytotoxicity test determined that the biol diluted to 0.1% contributed to the growth of lettuce.

El trabajo de investigación titulado: “Influencia de la fermentación láctica (abono bokashi) en el pre-compost para la producción de biogás y biol en biodigestores tipo batch” surge como una alternativa de tratamiento previo a los sustratos antes de colocarlos en los biodigestores y de esta manera mejorar la calidad de los subproductos generados: biogás y biol.La investigación se inició en agosto del 2012, empleándose reactores que simulan a un biodigestor del tipo batch para tres tratamientos. Para los tres tratamientos se usó el mismo sustrato que fue estiércol de vacuno. La variación entre los tres tratamientos consistió en el tratamiento previo a utilizar: el Tratamiento 1: se colocó el sustrato a los biodigestores sin tratamiento previo, el Tratamiento 2: se realizó un precompostaje al sustrato antes de c...

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la evaluación del desempeño de la Ulva lactuca en la producción de biogás y biol, analizando su interacción con contenido ruminal vacuno, para lo cual se usó residuos orgánicos del comedor universitario de la UNALM como sustrato de la prueba batch Potencial Bioquímico de Metano (PBM) a escala laboratorio. Para ello se realizó el pretratamiento de los inóculos, se incubó Ulva lactuca al 20 %, 30 %, 50 % y 100 % y contenido ruminal por 15 días, para luego realizar la prueba de determinación de actividad metanogénica (AME) con todas las muestras y finalmente escoger el tratamiento con mejores características de generación de metano. La muestra de 100 % de contenido de Ulva lactuca y contenido ruminal obtuvo las mejores condiciones para usarla como inóculo en la prueba PBM, donde se determinó el volumen de biogás y se evaluó l...

El proyecto de investigación tuvo como finalidad la elaboración de bioplástico a partir de almidón de papa, éste fue extraído de los residuos del proceso de pelado mediante el uso de una peladora industrial de baja capacidad. Asimismo, buscó también determinar y evaluar la biodegradabilidad del bioplástico elaborado, para lo cual se tomó la Norma ISO 17556:2012 como referencia. La investigación tuvo tres etapas, la primera fue la extracción del almidón, en ésta etapa se evaluó la variación de la temperatura y del aditivo antioxidante metabisulfito de sodio en el proceso. El ensayo realizado a temperatura ambiente y con 3% de metabisulfito de sodio resultó obtener una mayor cantidad de almidón, por lo que se utilizaron dichas cantidades en la elaboración del bioplástico. El almidón presentó una relación de 26.21/73.79 de amilosa/amilopectina y una similitud de espec...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the capability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to remove pathogens present in domestic wastewater, generated in the eco-touristic circuit Lomas de Lucumo (Lima, Peru). The pH decrease was used as an indicator of the elimination of fecal coliform bacteria in the treated water. Experiments included 36 treatments, which consisted of different mixtures of sugar molasses and a lactic acid bacteria inoculum (B-Lac) in proportions of 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10% (v/v) and wastewater in a fixed proportion of 200 ml, under a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement 6x6. The pH values on the third day were evaluated using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey´s range test for mean differences (p < 0.05). The different treatments were analyzed in a first stage for 9 days, after which the best three were selected for a second...