Los sistemas de transporte público son eje central del desarrollo de las ciudades ya que garantizan la movilidad y el acceso de sus habitantes a diferentes actividades productivas y sociales. No obstante, los largos recorridos de los buses, y la congestión de tráfico resultante, reducen la calidad de vida y la productividad económica de una región, al tiempo que complican los procesos asociados al control de las rutas y los eventos producidos durante el desplazamiento de los vehículos. En este entorno, este artículo presenta los aspectos generales del proyecto (S.M.A.R.t)1 que busca diseñar e implementar una plataforma tecnológica integral para el monitoreo, gestión de flota y recaudo para las empresas de transporte público de Medellín y del Valle de Aburrá (Colombia), bajo la visión de un Sistema Inteligente de Transporte. De acuerdo con lo anterior, en la primera sección...

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sw...

Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y...

The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...

The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and grow...