The appendicular skeleton of the Andean puma (Puma concolor) of two specimens (one male, one female) is described. Both animals were seized in Cusco, Peru by the National Forest and Wildlife Service (SERFOR). The bones were obtained following the standard technique of osteological dissection. The description of the anatomical terms was made according to the Veterinary Anatomical List. The most outstanding characteristics of the appendicular skeleton were described. In general, the eminences of the bones are not so conspicuous and only appear as rough areas. Complete radius and ulna with well-defined articular veneers. At the level of the hands the radial carpi stand out, the metacarpi slightly cylindrical and curved in the palmar surface, the third phalanx of the first finger is quite developed and with the prominent ungueal apophysis characteristic of these species. A well-defined spher...

This aim of this study was to describe the fibre diameter and fleece weight of vicuñas in the Cusco Region, Peru. The fibre diameter of 302 fibre samples of young, juveniles and adult vicuñas were evaluated using an OFDA 2000® equipment. The samples were collected in different programmed captures (called Chaccus) under two management systems: wildness and semi-captivity. In addition, 633 fleeces were weighed and differentiated by age, sex and type of management of the animals. The present study was authorized through the Resolution of General Direction N.° 180-2016-SERFOR/DGGSPFFS. The average fineness of the fibre of young (13.24 μm), juveniles (12.03 μm) and adults (12.72 μm) was determined. The fineness of fibre for males and females was 12.99 and 13.53 μm in young, 12.06 and 12.02 μm in juveniles and 12.88 and 12.58 μm in adults respectively. The smallest diameter of the fi...

The sperm hyperactivation is a step of the spermatozoa capacitation and consists ona change in the pattern of movements, the variation of the angle of the head, and thelongitude and width of the movement of the tail. The objective of the present study wasto determine the difference in movement patterns of spermatozoa and the frequency ofhyperactive spermatozoa in the oviduct according to the time after mating. The recoveryof the spermatozoa in five alpacas was done after 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 hours post mating.Sperms were evaluated according to the pattern of movement. The frequency ofhyperactive spermatozoa increased until 28 hours post copula (71.4%).

The sperm hyperactivation is a step of the spermatozoa capacitation and consists ona change in the pattern of movements, the variation of the angle of the head, and thelongitude and width of the movement of the tail. The objective of the present study wasto determine the difference in movement patterns of spermatozoa and the frequency ofhyperactive spermatozoa in the oviduct according to the time after mating. The recoveryof the spermatozoa in five alpacas was done after 16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 hours post mating.Sperms were evaluated according to the pattern of movement. The frequency ofhyperactive spermatozoa increased until 28 hours post copula (71.4%).

Se realizó el estudio del esqueleto apendicular del puma andino (Puma concolor) en dos especímenes adultos: un macho y una hembra, decomisados en Cusco, Perú, por el Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre (SERFOR). La obtención de las piezas óseas se realizó siguiendo la técnica estándar de disección osteológica. La descripción de los términos anatómicos se hizo según la Nómina Anatómica Veterinaria. Las características más resaltantes del esqueleto apendicular fueron descritas. En general, las eminencias de los huesos no son tan notorias y solo se presentan como zonas rugosas; el radio y cúbito completos y con carillas articulares bien definidas. A nivel de las manos, en los carpos sobresale el carpo intermedio radial, los metacarpos ligeramente cilíndricos y curvados en la superficie palmar, la tercera falange en caso del primer dedo está bastante desarrol...

This aim of this study was to describe the fibre diameter and fleece weight of vicuñas in the Cusco Region, Peru. The fibre diameter of 302 fibre samples of young, juveniles and adult vicuñas were evaluated using an OFDA 2000® equipment. The samples were collected in different programmed captures (called Chaccus) under two management systems: wildness and semi-captivity. In addition, 633 fleeces were weighed and differentiated by age, sex and type of management of the animals. The present study was authorized through the Resolution of General Direction N.° 180-2016-SERFOR/DGGSPFFS. The average fineness of the fibre of young (13.24 μm), juveniles (12.03 μm) and adults (12.72 μm) was determined. The fineness of fibre for males and females was 12.99 and 13.53 μm in young, 12.06 and 12.02 μm in juveniles and 12.88 and 12.58 μm in adults respectively. The smallest diameter of the fi...

The work aimed to evaluate the effect of two doses of eCG on the superovulatory response, embryonic recovery rate and reproductive disorders. Thirty-two clinically healthy adult llamas were used, divided into two groups: Group I (700 IU eCG; n = 15) and Group II (500 IU eCG; n = 21). The superovulation protocol included: day 1, induction of ovulation (GnRH); day 4, application of eCG according to the dose established for each group; day 8, application of luteolytic (PGF2α); day 11, ultrasound to verify the number of follicles and application of GnRH analog; days 11 and 12, natural mating to induce ovulation; day 19, uterine lavage and embryo recovery (it was considered as cervical torsion when the Foley catheter was difficult to pass to the uterus); day 26: ultrasound evaluation to determine the presence of reproductive disorders. The number of follicles per female for groups I and II w...

The vicuña is an emblematic species of fauna conservation in Peru. The vicuña population recovered after several years of timely measures for their conservation, moving to appendix II of CITES. Currently there are vicuñas that are kept free (silvestry) and populations kept enclosed in permanent fences (captivity). During 2018, 58 programmed captures (known as Chacus) were done in the Cusco Region, capturing 6777 animals, corresponding to 3229 and 3548 heads for silvestry and captivity, respectively. The age distribution in the case of juveniles was higher in silvestry (18.08%) with respect to the captivity system (7.2%), which would be evidence of the existence of higher mortality in this population. The 2012 national census indicated a higher proportion of female vicuñas in the general population of the Cusco Region; however, in this work similar populations were found by sex in bot...

El trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de dos dosis de eCG sobre la respuesta superovulatoria, tasa de recuperación embrionaria y alteraciones reproductivas inducidas. Se utilizaron 32 llamas adultas, clínicamente sanas, distribuidas en dos grupos: Grupo I (700 UI eCG; n=15) y Grupo II (500 UI eCG; n=21). El protocolo de superovulación incluyó: día 1, inducción de ovulación (GnRH); día 4, aplicación eCG, según dosis establecida para cada grupo; día 8, aplicación de luteolítico (PGF2α); día 11, ecografía para verificar el número de folículos y aplicación de análogo de GnRH; días 11 y 12, monta natural para inducir ovulación; día 19, lavado uterino y recuperación de embriones (se consideró como torsión cervical cuando se dificultó el paso de la sonda Foley hacia el útero); día 26: evaluación ecográfica para determinar la presencia de alteraciones rep...

The vicuña is an emblematic species of fauna conservation in Peru. The vicuña population recovered after several years of timely measures for their conservation, moving to appendix II of CITES. Currently there are vicuñas that are kept free (silvestry) and populations kept enclosed in permanent fences (captivity). During 2018, 58 programmed captures (known as Chacus) were done in the Cusco Region, capturing 6777 animals, corresponding to 3229 and 3548 heads for silvestry and captivity, respectively. The age distribution in the case of juveniles was higher in silvestry (18.08%) with respect to the captivity system (7.2%), which would be evidence of the existence of higher mortality in this population. The 2012 national census indicated a higher proportion of female vicuñas in the general population of the Cusco Region; however, in this work similar populations were found by sex in bot...

The aim of the present study was to determine the ovulation rate using GnRH (buserelin) and seminal plasma of alpaca as ovulation inductors in alpacas and llamas. For this, 93 alpacas and 92 llamas were distributed in two groups: a group treated with buserelin (42 μg) IM, and a group treated with 1 ml of seminal plasma IM (50/50% seminal plasma of alpaca and PBS + antibiotics). The ovulation rate was 78.7 and 88.9% in alpacas and 80.6 and 70.0% in llamas using buserelin and seminal plasma respectively; and without statistical differences due to type of ovulation inductor, ovary carrying the preovulatory follicle or species.

Se trabajó con 93 alpacas y 92 llamas a fin de determinar el porcentaje de ovulación utilizando GnRH (buserelina) y plasma seminal de alpaca como inductor de ovulación en alpacas y llamas. Los animales se distribuyeron en dos grupos, un grupo tratado con 42 μg de buserelina intramuscular y otro grupo tratado con 1 ml de plasma seminal intramuscular (50/50% de plasma seminal y PBS + antibióticos). La tasa de ovulación fue de 78.7 y 88.9% en alpacas y 80.6 y 70.0 en llamas con buserelina y plasma seminal, respectivamente, no encontrándose diferencias estadísticas entre tipo de inductor, ovario con presencia de folículo preovulatorio o especie.