The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mordants on the variation of mean fibre diameter (MFD), spinning fineness (SF), and colour tone in alpaca fibre threads dyed with colli flowers (Buddleja coriacea). The dye was extracted using boiling water, followed by immersion of the thread in 160 ml of extract and post-mordanting with collpa, alum, and lemon salt at boiling temperature. MFD was measured using S-Fiber Med equipment. Colorimetry parameters were obtained using a spectrometer, and FT-IR spectrophotometer was used for identification of functional groups. MFD in colli-dyed and post-mordanted threads significantly increased with the addition of mordants, with the highest change observed with lemon salt (30.09 μm). The same trend was observed for SF. Dyeing with colli flower extract and subsequent mordant application produced different shades and hues of yellow colour in a...

The aim of this study was to determine the bleaching time of the black and brown fibre with hydrogen peroxide and to evaluate the percentage of medullated fibres according to colour and sampling site in the Huacaya alpaca fleece. In total, 90 fibre samples (shoulder, mid-side area, and rump) were taken from 30 alpacas (10 black, 10 brown, and 10 white). The fibre (2 g) was bleached at different times (5-105 min) with 20 g hydrogen peroxide (40 volume oxygenated cream) and 10 g bleaching powder (High lift 9 Tones). The colorimetric coordinates (L*a*b*) were evaluated at 5, 10, 35, 70 and 105 min in black fibre and at 35 and 70 minutes in brown fibre. After the microscopic analysis, fibre medullation percentage and their standard error were calculated. The luminosity in black fibre is low (5.19 ± 1.78), which increases with bleaching time to 86.60 ± 1.49 at minute 105. The luminosity in ...

Demostrar que la infección por Helycobacter pylori es un factor asociado a trombocitopenia en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo durante el periodo 2011 – 2015. Material y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo analítico, observacional, retrospectivo, seccional, transversal. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 135 pacientes adultos; quienes se dividieron en 2 grupos: con infección por Helicobacter pylori y sin ella. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en relación a edad, género y procedencia entre los pacientes con infección por Helicobacter pylori y sin ella. La frecuencia de trombocitopenia en pacientes con infección por Helycobacter pylori fue 9%. La frecuencia de trombocitopenia en pacientes sin infección por Helycobacter pylori fue 2%. La infección por Helycobacter pylori es factor asociado a trombocitopenia con u...

La hemorragia posparto implica la pérdida de sangre de 500 mililitros o más en caso de parto vaginal espontáneo, o 1000 mililitros en caso de parto por cesárea o sangrado que resulte en una alteración de los signos vitales o una caída de más del 10 % del hematocrito con respecto al valor basal dentro de las 24 h posteriores al parto; se ha identificado la detección y el manejo de la HPP sobre las pautas clínicas actuales y pocas oportunidades de capacitación; otras barreras contextuales incluyen la escasez de personal, medicamentos y equipos y vías de derivación inadecuadas, combinadas con una infraestructura de transporte deficiente; la obesidad materna pregestacional desempeña un papel crucial en los resultados del embarazo y afectan el bienestar materno, fetal y neonatal de varias maneras; una dieta desequilibrada durante el embarazo, que conduce a un aumento de peso inad...

Busca conocer la utilidad que se le ha dado al colgajo radial micro quirúrgico en la reconstrucción de cabeza y cuello en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN) de Lima, Perú, desde su aplicación en el año 1997 hasta el 2006; así como determinar la tasa de éxito, y las complicaciones más frecuentes. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, revisándose las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes que fueron sometidos a esta reconstrucción. Se encontraron 25 casos, (11 varones, con promedio de edad: 43a; y 14 mujeres, prom. de edad: 42a). La neoplasia se localizó en lengua (n=18; 72%), mucosa oral de mejilla: (n=3; 12%), piso de boca (n=2; 8%), encía y piel nasolabial (1 caso cada uno). El tipo histológico de cáncer fue en todos carcinoma epidermoide infiltrante (100%). La cirugÃ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the variability of the percentage of medullated fibres, according to sex and location and to compare the colorimetric characteristics in white fibre from Huacaya and Suri alpaca. The study was carried out in two communities (Juntaya in the Oropesa district and San Juan in the Sabaino district) in the province of Antabamba, Apurímac region (Peru), located between 3950 and 4543 meters above sea level. In total, 451 (Huacaya = 410 and Suri = 41) fibre samples (10 g) were taken from the mid side area. The medullated fibres (%) and the mean fibre diameter (µm) were evaluated using the Fiber Med device. For the colour analysis, a spectrometer coupled to an integrating sphere was used and for the characterization of the chemical bands, an FTIR spectrophotometer. The percentage of total medullation, continuous medullation and strongly medullated fibres were...

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la variación de las características textiles y longitud de fibra al descerdado manual del vellón de vicuña, así como evaluar la influencia del sexo, edad, sitio de muestreo del vellón, y lugar de procedencia de la vicuña sobre las características de calidad de la fibra. El descerdado manual se realizó en 77 muestras de vicuñas provenientes de tres provincias del departamento de Apurímac, Perú. Las características textiles de la fibra antes y después del descerdado fueron evaluadas usando el equipo OFDA 2000 y mediante el análisis de varianza, prueba de t y Tukey (α=0.05). La calidad de fibras descerdada es superior a la fibra no descerdada, debido a la reducción del diámetro medio de fibra (DMF) (-1.68 μm), desviación estándar de DMF (DE) (-0.73) y finura al hilado (FH) (-1.27 μm) y al incremento del porcentaje de fibr...

Introduction: The textile industry considers alpaca fiber to be a specialty fiber. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of color, breed, location, age, and sex of alpacas on fiber quality characteristics and staple length.Methods: Fiber samples were taken from the mid-side of 118 Huacaya and Suri alpacas at two livestock shows (Pitumarca and Maranganí) and at CICAS La Raya (South American Camelid Research Center), which is located in the province of Canchis (Cusco, Peru).Results and discussion: The fiber characteristics and staple length in black alpacas are similar to those of brown alpacas. Huacaya fiber is finer, having a lower mean fiber diameter (MFD), SD, and coefficient of variation of MFD than Suri fiber. Alpacas from the two livestock shows have higher-quality fiber than unselected alpacas raised in CICAS La Raya. Staple length is longer in Suri alpacas than in H...

The industrial and artisanal textile industries necessitate the adoption of sustainable dyeing practices. Although the natural dye derived from Dactylopius coccus presents a viable option, its traditional application requires metallic mordants that pose environmental and health risks. This study investigates the utilization of atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) technology for dyeing wool with Dactylopius coccus dye, with the objective of optimizing the process and minimizing its environmental impact. The APPJ technique was employed for wool dyed with Dactylopius coccus dye, and the textile properties, medullation, and colorimetry were evaluated using an optical fiber diameter analyzer (OFDA) and a spectrometer with an integrating sphere. The results demonstrated that the APPJ enhanced the color intensity and uniformity, facilitating improved dye penetration into the fibers. Plasma tr...

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of dye obtained from Buddleja coriacea and metallic mordants on the chromatic properties, textile characteristics, spectral profiles, and color stability in alpaca fibers. The dye extraction technique involved boiling in an aqueous solution, followed by filtration. Subsequently, alpaca yarns were dyed using the resulting extract following a standard protocol. The applied mordants included sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), aluminum sulfate and potassium dodecahydrate (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O), and oxalic acid (C2H2O4). Spectroscopy UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometry methods were used for the characterization of the dyed samples and analysis of the dye during the dyeing process. The findings revealed the formation of four distinct color tones. Additionally, it was determined that the mordants influenced the chromatic properties of the fibers dyed wi...

The aim of this research was to compare vicuña fibre by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, determine the colorimetric parameters and the percentages of medullation in vicuña fibre from Puno and Apurímac (Peru). Luminosity (L*), colour intensity or purity (C*) and hue (H*) were characterized by colorimetry. These parameters demonstrate a variability of colour and tonality in the vicuña fleece. The FTIR spectra in fibre from vicuñas from Puno and Apurimac overlap, confirming a similar chemical profile in the fibre structure. The percentage of total medullation is different according to the origin, where the vicuñas of the Community of Toma (Puno) have higher percentage of medulation (5.02%), while the vicuñas of the communities of Pilluni (1.65%) and Taraccasa (1.80%) of Apurimac maintain a lower percentage of medullation. Likewise, variability in the percentage of ...

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of pre-treatments and drying methods on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of edible wild mushrooms, Suillus luteus, collected in the pine forests of the Apurimac region, Peru. Two immersion pre-treatments were used: 5% lemon juice and 6% vinegar. Mushroom caps were cut into 3-cm thick slices, immersed at a ratio of 1:5 (w/v), and subsequently dried by direct solar drying and indirect solar drying using a fitotoldo (shade cover). The proximate composition, rehydration, color, total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (DPPH capacity), and sensory evaluation were determined for each sample. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatments. Higher rehydration rates were observed in the samples subjected to direct solar drying and fitotoldo drying without pre-treatment, as well as thos...

Introduction: Although Q’ara llama fleece was previously believed to lack quality attributes, the down fiber obtained during first shearing is of high quality. However, little is known about skin follicle parameters in Peruvian Q’ara llamas. In this context, the objective of this research was to compare fiber quality after manual dehairing and to characterize skin follicle parameters by body site, age, and sex. Methods: A total of 240 fiber samples were collected from the shoulders, mid-side, and rump of 80 Q’ara llamas, taking into account their age category and sex. Each unprocessed fiber sample was manually dehaired, yielding two subsamples of 240 each: down fibers and guard hairs. Only the unprocessed and down fibers were used for fiber measurements. According to IWTO-47 standards, an OFDA 2000 was used to measure mean fiber diameter, standard deviation, coefficient of variatio...

The aim of this research was to assess the influence of drying temperature, drying method, and pretreatment on the dehydration of the edible mushroom Suillus luteus, focusing on its physical, functional, and sensory characteristics. Suillus luteus were harvested from Soccllacasa, Apurímac-Peru. Two drying temperatures (50 and 70 °C), two drying methods (oven and vacuum), and two pretreatment techniques (1% citric acid and blanching) were employed. Mushroom slices were immersed in solutions and subsequently subjected to drying. Analytical parameters, including instrumental color, total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, and sensory evaluation using Flash Profile, were conducted. The findings revealed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. Higher drying temperatures, vacuum drying, and blanching exhibited sup...

The effect of dyeing with natural colorants on the physico-mechanical properties, colorimetric parameters, hydrophobicity, and color fastness of alpaca threads (Vicugna pacos) was investigated. Two dyes from the Andes were evaluated: cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) and airampo (Opuntia soehrensii), using a post-mordanting method with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), oxalic acid (C2H2O4), and potassium alum (KAl(SO4)2·12 H2O). The analysis of the results showed that the dyeing treatments did not significantly affect the elongation (51–65%), maximum strength (1.64–1.94 N), or tenacity (0.93–1.10 MPa) of the threads. Regarding colorimetry, cochineal produced intense red shades (a* = 34.95) and the highest saturation (C*) of up to 40.29. Meanwhile, airampo generated warm, bright yellow tones (L*) up to 70.19. A critical finding was the low wash fastness, with ratings of 1 to 2 on the gra...