“God created man similar to him”, is the sentence of Genesis that directs the study of the talent, symbolizing that we have the power to create life; “and in the end saw that all this was good”, is the biblical quote that corresponds to the value of the goodness, pointing out that Dios for any work of his hands (and we are his hands) is good. This reflection expresses a psychology of the sower must be born of the Catholic charismatic spirituality: renewing the knowledge of the psycho - education, teaching and learning. On the basis of two articulated healthy scenarios that humanity needs to assess: schools and parishes, which represent the micro and macro system favoring, to live in the era of globalization.

The main objective of this article is to present a synthesis of the various contributions that national and foreign researchers have made to the pre-Hispanic archaeology of the Chicama Valley, located in the Department of La Libertad, Peru. Through the analysis of the archaeological literature published to date, a balance and critical evaluation of current knowledge about the occupational history of the lower and middle Chicama valley. Finally, we outline new problems and working hypotheses for future archaeological investigations of this rich valley of the Peruvian north coast.

This article aims to present the preliminary results of our research conducted in the Chicama valley situated in the department of La Libertad, Peru. During the 2021 season of the Chicama Archaeological Program, archaeological excavations were carried out in the archaeological sites Cerro Malabrigo, Licapa II, Pelenque 1 and Quebrada del Oso and systematic surveys in the area of Puerto Chicama, Cerro Malabrigo Sur and Huaca Pukuche. Within the framework of the study, a methodical registry was carried out in order to identify the social-temporal affiliation of the settlements. As a result, we have a broader and more diverse spectrum of the different types of settlements that occupied the Chicama valley throughout its pre-Hispanic occupation.

In this article, we present an overview of the archaeological theory developed in Peru in the last two decades. For that purpose, first, the place and nature of the theory in Peruvian archaeological practice is considered. Secondly, the political and economic contexts in which the archaeological practice of recent years has developed are briefly described. Third, an outlook of the archaeological theories used in our country is described, focusing on the main developed topics of study. Fourth, other relevant theoretical topics that have been developed in Peruvian archaeology are reviewed. Finally, some issues that deserve further theoretical development in Peruvian archaeology are introduced.

Objective: To determine the effect of ferric ion on the prooxidant properties of camu camu (Myrciaria dubia). Design: Analytic, experimental, prospective, and longitudinal study. Materials and Methods: Camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) is a fruit characterized for its high vitamin C content. The prooxidant properties of camu camu by the effect of Fe(III), EDTA, thiourea and mannitol was determined. Results: A mixture of camu camu and Fe-III in phosphate buffer at pH 7,4 notoriously increased the generation of free radicals by kinetic saturation mechanism. This effect depended on metal concentration. The presence of thiourea or mannitol, components with known antioxidant action, inhibited free radicals generation, while EDTA increased free radical formation. Conclusion: Camu camu increases free radicals generation in the presence of Fe(III) and EDTA.

This paper describes the finding of an extraordinary offering deposited in the final layers of ritual entombment of the sunken patio of the main Paracas building in Cerro del Gentil, located in the mid-valley of Chincha, peruvian southern coast. Because to its excellent state of preservation and the high quality of the elements that constituting this offering, it allows us to delve into the ritual practices developed in the context of an activity of utmost importance to the users of the Cerro del Gentil building just prior to its abandonment during the III century before Christ.

Los arqueólogos excavamos el presente del pasado. Aunque resulte un lugar común señalar que somos los investigadores del pasado por antonomasia, vale la pena recordar(nos) que siempre excavamos e investigamos en y desde el presente: lo hacemos desde nuestra contemporaneidad. Sin embargo, la arqueología estratégicamente se ha distanciado del presente por varias razones, aunque las más importantes, y a la vez menos explícitas, son las razones políticas. Y es que desvincularse del presente supone, propone y naturaliza una falta de compromiso político con lo que se hace, con nuestra práctica arqueológica, pero, más importante, con nuestra sociedad de la cual hemos surgido y en la que habitamos.

En este artículo se presenta una síntesis de las principales investigaciones y evidencias arqueológicas relacionadas con el fenómeno Paracas de la costa sur peruana, el cual se desarrolló durante gran parte del primer milenio antes de nuestra era (800-200 a.C.). Se presentan y discuten las principales investigaciones, la cronología, el territorio que abarcó y los principales asentamientos asociados con la cultura material vinculada con este fenómeno social. Finalmente, se presenta un modelo de explicación social para comprender las dinámicas sociales que permitieron la aparición de lo que es conocido en la literatura arqueológica como la «Cultura Paracas».

The genetic diversity of three populations designated as ecotypes of golden berry (Physalis peruaviana) is studied using protein quantification and polymorphism of seed storage proteins (SSPs) by denaturating polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). As well, biochemical characteristics of seed proteins were identified. The populations were from San Pablo province (Agroandino ecotype), Celendín province (Celendino ecotype) and Cajabamba province (Cajabamba ecotype), all from Cajamarca Department. There was not difference among the three populations based on protein quantification. Globulins (82.4%) were the majority fraction followed for albumins (13.9%), glutelins (3.7%) and prolamins (0.7%). Only albumins showed polymorphism, showing 21 proteins between ~6.5 to ~45 kDa and three different electrophoretic profiles, which were share among the three populations. Legumins and vicilin...

In this article we discuss one of the more significant contributions of Craig Morris for the explanation of the Inca Urbanism. Although Craig Morris didn’t escape to the use of general theoretical models and basic concepts derived from historic-cultural and procesualist perspectives, popular in his epoch, given his context of academic formation, thanks to the continual test of his approaches against the archaeological reality, the development of ad hoc methodology and a wide standpoint about the pre-capitalists social phenomena he could overcome such models and, later, offer us archaeological explanations more coherent with the Inca social reality.

In this article we propose that the archaeological site of Chavin de Huántar was the materialization and center of a Andean theocratic state. To give support to such proposal we argue a serie of archaeological indicators which ones raise from the accumulated and updated information as well as own observations. With such proposal inspired in the historical materialism we expect generate a discussion focused on the archaeological objects and that attend to the particular material conditions and to the historical trajectory of the central andes.

After several investigations in Huaca del Sol (Uhle 1915; Hastings and Moseley 1975, Moseley 1975; Pozorski 1979 Narro Gallardo and 1992, Herrera and Ramirez 1992; Herrera and Chauchat 2003), the archaeological project Huacas de Moche (Moche Temples) initiated a research program that began in 2011. In this article, we present the excavations results in section 2 of Huaca del Sol from the systemic approach by Niklas Luhmann, which helped us to conceptualize and define our procedure to the particular demarcated issues. The conclusions, we present, show in first place, a long building autopoietic process, which has defined a three-phase construction sequence (last, penultimate and antepenultimate. The penultimate phase consists of two sub phases, which would indicate a complex building functionality associated at the beginning to domestic-residential activities and then to palace activities...

In this paper we show a serial of jerarchized approachs that we expect help to define and to delimit concret and conceptually the real, methodological and epistemological borders of the society knowed in the archaeological literature as Ychma, which one was settled specificly in the Lurin and Rimac valleys at the central peruvian coast during the prehispanic period called Late Intermediate (circa 900 DNE- 1470 DNE) but survived in many socioeconomic and sociopolitical aspects to the Inca occupation of the area. To carry out such approachs we have based in our knowledge of the social materiality described as Ychma y, above all, in it dialectical negation in the south part of the central coast recognized for us in the area of the Mala river valley, where we have almost a decade of fieldwork and understanding of the social phenomenae both intra and inter valley.

We disscuse the two last prehispanic ocuppations in the lower Mala valley as a consequence our archaeological research developemented to the present. Specifically, we discusse the Inca Occupation as a dialectical process that supossed the confrontation of two societies: the local and the invaders in an area previously assumed as a “social vacuum” in the prehispanic central coast.

This paper describes the historical development of a theoretical trend in Peru that we will cal! Marxist Archaeology. This archaeology is based in the classical writings ofMarx and Engels, althought like we will see many of the authors made different readings of these authors, not necesarilly rooted on the onthology and epysthemology of Dialectical Mmaterialism. In order to get our aim, we loca te this kind of archaeo­logy inside of its production context as a means to understand in a better way its sociological and ideologi­cal perspectives. We will perceive throught our historygraphical analysis that every time that we try to des­cribe any of the studied moments of this marxist archaeology, we willfind one author monopolizing the archaeological scene. We believe that in the case of the first and third moments, this situation was possible because the authors mentioned were organicall...

Con este nuevo número, la revista Arqueología y Sociedad ha entrado en una nueva época. Desde este número, los manuscritos recibidos han atravesado por todo un meticuloso proceso de revisión por pares externos. Vale decir, los artículos ahora publicados han sido evaluados de la manera más objetiva que tenemos a disposición en la academia. Asimismo, la revista cuenta con un nuevo comité editorial integrado por investigadores renombrados del Perú y del extranjero. Además, gracias al apoyo del Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, ahora poseemos una nueva plataforma virtual para que los autores y revisores puedan enviar sus textos y evaluaciones. Todo lo anterior se hace con el objetivo principal de lograr la indexación de Arqueología y Sociedad en los index Scopus o Web of Science, los estándares más prestigiosos de las r...

Con satisfacción y alegría les presentamos el nuevo número de nuestra revista científica y académica Arqueología y Sociedad. El lanzamiento de este nuevo número coincide con las celebraciones del 103 aniversario de la fundación de nuestro museo. Para esta ocasión hemos decidió rendir homenaje a la primera directora del museo la Dra. Rebeca Carrión Cachot quien, además, fue la primera arqueóloga profesional peruana. Como parte de las celebraciones y el homenaje a ella, además, inauguramos en el Museo de Arqueología la muestra fotográfica temporal “Rebeca Carrión Cachot: La Primera Arqueóloga Peruana” con una selección de fotografías recuperadas de sus archivos existentes en el museo y de colecciones privadas como las de su pariente y amigo del museo, el Dr. Ernesto Nava Carrión. De esta manera, rendimos nuestro agradecimiento y respeto al trabajo de tan destacada ...

Este nuevo número de Arqueología y Sociedad llega en medio de una serie de mejo-ras que estamos realizando en beneficio de nuestra revista. Para elevar los estándares requeridos por la academia, hemos realizado mejoras en la página web, plataforma y mecanismos de revisión por pares externos. Asimismo, estamos elevando a 7 la cantidad de artículos por número. De esta manera, estamos orientando nuestra revista al logro de los estándares más altos de calidad que nuestra universidad y nuestra comunidad científica nos exige.

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