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Esta publicación forma parte del proyecto “Estructura y conflicto en la comunidad andina en el siglo XIX", cuyo desarrollo en el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos cuenta con el auspicio de la Tinker Foundation.

"Este trabajo presenta el ambiente económico, social y político en el que se desarrollaron formas de práctica religiosa y de evasión, a través de las cuales la sociedad colonial catalizaba la percepción de un declive y un cambio general en su forma de ser. Se presentan las vidas y problemas de las santas y las pecadoras, a través de quienes se percibe el ambiente general retratado". ― p. 4

Esta publicación forma parte del proyecto “Estructura y conflicto en la comunidad andina en el siglo XIX", cuyo desarrollo en el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos cuenta con el auspicio de la Tinker Foundation.

"LAS COSAS Y LAS PERSONAS cambian en el tiempo. Esa es la materia del trabajo de la historia como ciencia. Desde ese punto de partida, la historia misma, como discurso en una sociedad, cambia también, se adapta, abre horizontes o se deja estar, difiriendo lo que se dice de la sociedad de lo que ella misma es. Sin ser una excepción, la historia en el Perú ha visto cambios importantes en los últimos veinte años, en cantidad, en calidad y en forma."–(página 5)

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To close this Allpanchis series dedicated to the V Centenary and the Andean territories, this monographic issue of the magazine brings together works on Cusco and its region. Few cities in the world and in history can exhibit the magical halo that this ancient Andean center has, with an eternal name in words and memory, even though it changes letters in its writing. All Peruvians and people from the Andes and all those who are interested in our destinations will agree that, for different reasons, Cusco has been and is a symbol of ourselves.

According to an old conception of history as a science, as structured and controlled historical knowledge, it does not properly appear except with writing. If we agreed with them, the Andean men and women would not have had a history until when others wrote it for them. The date: 1532. The authors: the European men who conquered and colonized the Andean peoples.

Madrid, 1565, Francisco de Morales had returned to his land after spending twenty years serving God and the Christian king in Peru. Before, just a decade after arriving in the Inca kingdom, the conquerors entered a tense process of colonial establishment. It was a time when nothing could be simple, fast, or definitive; internecine wars between them, violence at all levels and social classes, disagreements on the terms through which the conquest of the territory that was beginning to be called Peru was justified and regarding the type of society that was intended to be founded.

This special monographic issue of Allpanchis appears on March 26, 1991, one year after the death of Alberto Flores Galindo, who was our director between 1978 and 1983. It is to his memory and in his honor that we want to dedicate the work that we are now presenting.

We will not deal here with a common character. The evidence of his performance and his own testimonies show us as someone whose life meant a lot to the lives of many, who were in contact with him or who were not. His social and political practice put him in the most important situations in Peru in the mid-seventeenth century. Precisely, let's take a closer look at his life and his circumstances to understand peasant society, the concrete local relationships and the colonial system in which he played a crossroads role. We will thus understand, once again better, the life of many common people, of the peasants and their organization in the 17th century.

Whoever visits Cusco today will be able to verify, with a slight perception of daily events, that a regional feeling survives in its inhabitants, which seems to be a common characteristic of other regional centers such as Arequipa, Iquitos or Huánuco, to mention a few examples. It is enough to tune into a radio hearing to alternatively hear slogans such as: "Cusco is a city called for better destinations", or "Cusco can only be developed with effective decentralization". Any regional problem will find in the radio comments the common cause of all: Lima's centralism.

Corn is a cereal of humid and temperate climate. The warm valleys of the coast are its natural growth space. In the mountains, its cultivation is possible only in sheltered ravines, where the slope of the land makes it difficult to produce on a large scale. For its massive introduction into the Andes, it was necessary to fill in the slopes and channel the waters.

"Este libro se ocupa del proceso económico desenvuelto durante el período corrido entre la conquista española y el final de la dinastía de los reyes Austria o Habsburgo, hacia 1700. Comprende así unos ciento setenta años de historia, que sin duda fueron decisivos para la configuración de la economía del Perú moderno. Durante ellos ocurrió la gran transición de una economía de autoconsumo, que no conocía el mercado ni la moneda y vivía aislada del mundo, a una economía de tipo colonial, anexada a un vasto imperio regido por una monarquía católica. La inserción a este imperio significó la especialización de la economía del virreinato en la producción de plata, para lo cual debió desarrollarse instituciones que proveyesen de mano de obra, capital e insumos a los centros mineros. La inclusión del Perú en el imperio español significó también la aparición de ciudad...