This study analyzes factors that allow local officials to overcome design distortions generated during the process of registering beneficiaries of the «Vaso de Leche» Program in a context in which these beneficiaries are powerful social actors who have a capacity for collective action. This study was conducted between 2002 and 2010 in Villa El Salvador, a district of metropolitan Lima. Villa El Salvador municipal authorities selected beneficiaries without considering the target population as established by the official regulations. This variation from established norms is understood in this study as a «design distortion». Starting in 2004, this distortion was reduced with the introduction of a registry for the program that did follow official norms. In the literature, control mechanisms are highlighted as a key strategy for correcting design distortions. This study suggests an altern...

This study quantitatively assesses the main determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditure as ability to pay (OOPE) in the period 2016-2020, including access to health insurance and getting sick from Covid 19 disease. Previous studies such as Petrera and Jimenez (2018) have only focused on Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS), but have not considered Essalud insurance. Insurance is expected to reduce OOPE while suffering from Covid 19 increases this expenditure. Using a fixed-effect panel data Tobit model, we find that SIS reduces OOPE for the poorest, while Essalud does so for the non-poor. On the other hand, Covid 19 strongly increases OOPE for poor and non-poor.

La presente investigación evalúa el efecto del programa de transferencias condicionales de dinero JUNTOS sobre el consumo de algunos bienes meritorios (como los alimentos) y no meritorios (como las bebidas alcohólicas). Responderemos a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cuánto es el impacto de la transferencia entregada a las madres sobre el consumo familiar de algunos bienes? En la investigación se utiliza la información socioeconómica de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2009-2012, en un panel no balanceado. Los resultados de las estimaciones por efectos fijos arrojan sin lugar a dudas que los hogares beneficiarios del programa JUNTOS destinan una mayor fracción del gasto familiar al consumo de alimentos y a la educación.

Documento de trabajo; 482

Es conocido que el gasto de bolsillo en salud es una de los factores que afectan a los hogares del Perú y América Latina, y que los llevan a caer en pobreza. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar empíricamente los principales determinantes del gasto de bolsillo en salud. En particular, se busca extender la investigación de Petrera y Jiménez (2018) mediante la utilización de datos de panel de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO PANEL 2014-2018) del Perú y su aplicación a un modelo Tobit con efectos fijos, pues estas técnicas pueden controlar los efectos de algunas variables no observables que los análisis de datos de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios de corte transversal de Petrera y Jiménez (2018), o el análisis Tobit de Cid y Prieto (2012) no controlan. Entre los resultados, se destaca que –además del ya conocido efecto negativo del seguro integral de salud sobre el ...

Over the last ten years, the Peruvian conditional transfer program, Juntos, has expanded significantly. The objective of this program is to promote school attendance, reduce child labor, and monitor the growth and development of children in impoverished areas. Although improvements in these indicators have been appreciated, there may be unforeseen impacts on the households receiving the transfers. In this study, we focus on the program’s impact on the working hours of women in recipient households. According to the standard theory (Becker, 1965), transfers could reduce the labor supply by assuming leisure to be a normal good. According to theories of family economics, transfers to one member can affect the allocation of resources to all members of the household (Chiappori, 1992). The international empirical literature is inconclusive, pointing to non-existent, negative, and even positi...

No presenta resumen

Documento de trabajo; 471

Presentation to the Special Issue

Presentation to the Special Issue

Presentation to the Special Issue

The aim of this research was to characterize the management style in three types of dairy farms in the province of Lima, Peru. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 18 dairy farms classified as family, informal and corporate farms. Surveys were applied to the managers and workers of each farm to evaluate the management style in two dimensions: "People" and "Tasks", based on the two-dimensional analysis model with six variables per dimension. Significant differences were found between management styles. In the "People" dimension, corporate farms had higher scores in the environment and relationships variables compared to informal farms (p<0.05), while family farms had a higher score in the relationship variable compared to informal farms (p<0.05). In the "Tasks" dimension, corporate farms had a higher score in the control, performance and objectives variables comp...

In this work we study the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of the solution of the KdV-Kuramoto-Sivashinsky homogeneous linear equation in periodic Sobolev spaces. We do this using semigroup theory and Fourier theory on periodic distributions. Also, using the immersions between the Sobolev spaces we obtain regularity additional properties. Furthermore, we proved some claims done in [8].Finally, we analyze the behavior of the solution with respect to one parameter, proving that its limit is the solution of a Cauchy problem whose associated semigroup is the restriction of a group.

In this article we will study the local well-posedness for a non-linear Cauchy problem associated with the differential equation KdV- Kuramoto-Sivashinsky: in the infinite dimensional spaces (periodic sobolev) H sper. We do this using the theory of C0- semigrupos, main properties of the Fourier transform in H sper, as the inmersions in these spaces and that H s-1per is a Banach algebra, which allows us to justify the presence of the non-linearity .

In this work we study the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of the solution of the KdV-Kuramoto-Sivashinsky homogeneous linear equation in periodic Sobolev spaces. We do this using semigroup theory and Fourier theory on periodic distributions. Also, using the immersions between the Sobolev spaces we obtain regularity additional properties. Furthermore, we proved some claims done in [8].Finally, we analyze the behavior of the solution with respect to one parameter, proving that its limit is the solution of a Cauchy problem whose associated semigroup is the restriction of a group.

La especie Phoracantha recurva (Coleóptera: Cerambycidae) es una plaga que en su etapa larval ataca principalmente plantaciones de eucaliptus. Con la finalidad de documentar un perfil de los compuestos que secreta la larva de este insecto y analizar su actividad biológica, hemos identificado los componentes presentes en el extracto metanol/cloroformo mediante cromatografía de gases acoplado a espectrometría de masas. Se encontraron 41 compuestos, varios de los cuales han sido identificados en la especie hospedera. Se utilizó un olfatómetro para analizar las respuestas olfativas de hormigas (Camponotus morosus) hacia ejemplares de larvas de P. recurva y distintas dosis de sus secreciones. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la secreción larval actúa como repelente de las hormigas. Los resultados se discuten en vista de la información existente.

Chilecomadia valdiviana (Lepidoptera, Cossidae), locally known as "Gusano del Tebo", is a polyphagous pest that, in its larval stage, feeds on the wood of the host species. C. valdiviana is distributed in the southern region of Chile and Argentina and its larvae mainly attack eucalyptus and fruit trees. Previous research has reported the identification of the volatile compounds produced by this species in its larval stage. In this work, the effects of two dietary conditions on these volatile compounds were described: groups of individuals fed with wood vs. others without food. The results obtained provide empirical evidence that C. valdiviana modulates the emission of the compounds according to the effect of stimulus.

Desde tiempos inmemorables los documentos que emanan de la Administración Pública tienen una característica común: son extensos, usan un lenguaje barroco, están compuestos con una sintaxis enrevesada y resultan inaccesibles para el entendimiento de la mayoría de ciudadanos.

Uno de los síntomas de la pérdida de la calidad humana consiste, según algunos filósofos, en que nuestros seres y actos se han vuelto cada vez más superficiales y, por lo mismo, la vida ha ido perdiendo profundidad e importancia. Esta idea no deja de tener razón, ¿pero esto es realmente así?

Un apasionado es el poseído por alguna pasión o afecto. Y Un apasionado del periodismo es el que padece en carne propia esa enfermedad que mata, por lo general, con ataques al corazón, hipertensión o ansiedad.