Cadmium beacause its widespread use at industrial level can enter to food chain and cause bioaccumulation in different feed systems and in the human body. The objective was to assess the risk of chronic toxicity, characterizing potential teratogenic effects and clinical signs of toxicity in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Holtzman strain. To Guides experimental design of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) were adapted. Two levels of cadmium nitrate intakes were tested: 40 and 80 μg Cd/day, administered with drinking water for 120 days; with the respective control group. Mothers rats, during pregnancy, and their offspring, from birth to 120 days, were observed in their behaviors The pups were differenced by birth weight (control group: 7,22 ± 1,1; 40 μg Cd/day group: 5,86 ± 0,45; and 80 μg Cd/day group: 5,30 ± 0,46 g), by body size, skin color wi...

A study was carried out in Lima Metropolitana city to determine concentrations of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), “crespa” variety. The sampling points were 20 markets located in the North Cone, Center and South-ern Cone of Lima, which were chosen at random, 5 markets of the Northern Cone (Stone Bridge, Comas, San Martin de Porres, Los Olivos, Independencia), 10 markets of the Center (Rímac, La Victoria, Cercado de Lima, Breña, Jesús María, Barranco, Lince, Magdalena, Pueblo Libre, San Miguel) and 5 markets of the Southern Cone (Chorrillos, San Juan de Miraflores, Villa Maria del Triunfo, Villa El Salvador, Lurín), 2 samples were taken per district, making a total of 40 samples, during the recollection, in each market was questioned the origin place of the vegetable. The analytical method used for the quantification of these metals was the atomic absor...

El cadmio es un mineral que por su amplia utilización a nivel industrial puede ingresar a la cadena alimentaria y presentar bioacumulación en los diferentes sistemas alimentarios y en el organismo humano. El objetivo fue evaluar el riesgo de toxicidad crónica, caracterizando posibles efectos teratogénicos y signos clínicos de toxicidad en ratas albinas (Rattus norvegicus) de la cepa Holtzman. Para el diseño experimental se adecuaron las Guías de la Organización para la Cooperación Económica y Desarrollo (OECD). Se ensayaron dos niveles de ingestas de nitrato de cadmio: 40 y 80 μg Cd/día, administrados con el agua de bebida durante 180 días, con el respectivo grupo control. Los signos y efectos teratogénicos se determinaron por observación directa mediante evaluación macroscópica y registros fotográficos. Las ratas madre, durante la gestación, y sus crías, desde el nac...

Se llevó a cabo un estudio para determinar los niveles de concentración de plomo (Pb) y cadmio (Cd) en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) variedad “crespa” de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. Los puntos de muestreo fueron 20 mercados ubicados en el Cono Norte, Centro y Cono Sur de Lima, los cuales fueron escogidos al azar, 5 mercados del Cono Norte (Puente Piedra, Comas, San Martin de Porres, Los Olivos, Independencia), 10 mercados del Centro (Rímac, La Victoria, Cercado de Lima, Breña, Jesús María, Barranco, Lince, Magdalena, Pueblo Libre, San Miguel) y 5 mercados del Cono Sur (Chorrillos, San Juan de Miraflores, Villa María del Triunfo, Villa el Salvador, Lurín). Se tomaron 2 muestras por distrito, haciendo un total de 40 muestras y durante la recolección se preguntó el lugar de procedencia de la hortaliza. El método analítico utilizado para la cuantificación de estos metales...

Con el objetivo de identificar y cuantificar la fluctuación poblacional de los principales insectos polinizadores de una plantación convencional de Palma aceitera de siete años de edad ubicada en el Distrito de Campo Verde de la Región Ucayali; según la disponibilidad floral de las plantas se seccionaron espigas del tercio basal, medio y apical de las inflorescencias masculinas en antesis “IMA” y en las inflorescencias femeninas en antesis “IFA”, se colocaron trampas pegantes, adicionalmente se correlacionó la precipitación pluvial y la temperatura con la fluctuación poblacional de los principales insectos identificados. Los resultados mostraron que Elaeidobius kamerunicus es el principal polinizador con un 91.49%, seguido de Elaeidobius subvittatus, con 8.05% y el resto repartido entre Microporum sp., Apis sp. y Melipona sp en un 0.46% respectivamente. La fluctuación po...

In the present investigation, cadmium concentrations in seafood were determined and compared with the maximum levels of Commission of the European Union in its Regulation (EC) Nº 1881/2006 and amending Regulation (EU) No 488/2014. Samples were collected from the fish market of Villa Maria del Triunfo. Analyses were performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were: in fish (horse mackerel: Trachurus picturatus murphyi) the average cadmium concentrations was 0,35 mg/kg fresh weight, well above the allowable value which is 0,05 mg/kg fresh weight. In crustaceans (prawns: Litopenaeus vannamei) the average was 0,42 mg/kg fresh weight, being below the maximum allowed limit which is 0,50 mg/kg fresh weight. The ceiling in bivalve molluscs is 1,00 mg/kg fresh weight and different concentrations were found in different species and in white shells (Semele sp) and scallops (Argop...

En la presente investigación se determinaron las concentraciones de cadmio en alimentos marinos, y se compararon con los contenidos máximos según el Reglamento (CE) Nº 1881/2006 y modificatoria Reglamento (UE) N° 488/2014 de la Comisión de la Unión Europea. Las muestras fueron recolectadas del Terminal Pesquero de Villa María del Triunfo. Los análisis se realizaron por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. Los resultados fueron: en pescados (jurel: Trachurus picturatus murphyi) el promedio de las concentraciones de cadmio fue 0,35 mg/kg peso fresco, muy por encima del valor permitido que es 0,05 mg/kg peso fresco. En crustáceos (langostinos: Litopenaeus vannamei) el promedio fue 0,42 mg/kg peso fresco, siendo inferior al límite máximo permitido que es 0,50 mg/kg de peso fresco. El límite máximo en moluscos bivalvos es 1,00 mg/kg peso fresco y se encontraron concentrac...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicological risk due to exposure to soils with the presence of lead and cadmium in areas surrounding the Infantas Industrial Park in Los Olivos - Lima (2018). 40 soil samples were taken, 20 samples in the Carabayllo urbanization and 20 samples in the Villa del Norte urbanization. It was obtained that the concentration of Pb and Cd in Urb. Carabayllo had a mean of 66.97 mg / kg and 0.86 mg / kg; for Urb. Villa del Norte it is 51.43 mg / kg and 0.73 mg / kg respectively. The concentrations obtained comply with the Environmental Quality Standard (ECA) of the Ministry of the Environment of Peru. The Exposure Dose (DE) was estimated in the Carabayllo urbanization, for adults, a DEPb = 0.000143 mg / kg / day and DECd = 0.000002 mg / kg / day were obtained; and for children, a DEPb = 0.002494 mg / kg / day and DECd = 0.000032 mg / kg / day. In t...

A study was carried out to determine cadmium in onion (Allium cepa) in districts of Metropolitan Lima. For the execution of the study, 30 samples were collected of which 10 of them are from North Lima (San Martin de Porres, Los Olivos, Independencia, Comas and Puente Piedra), 10 samples from Lima Center (Cercado de Lima, Jesús María, Pueblo Libre, La Victoria and Rímac) and 10 exhibitions in South Lima (Chorrillos, Villa María del Triunfo, Villa el Salvador, San Juan de Miraflores and Surco). 2 random samples were taken per district and the place of origin of the same was inquired. Cadmium quantification was performed by the atomic absorption method - Graphite Furnace at the Chemical Analysis Services Unit - USAQ (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos). The minimum and maximum cadmium concentration in onion was 0,02 mg / mg and 0,11 mg / kg, respectively; In addition, the average ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicological risk due to exposure to soils with the presence of lead and cadmium in areas surrounding the Infantas Industrial Park in Los Olivos - Lima (2018). 40 soil samples were taken, 20 samples in the Carabayllo urbanization and 20 samples in the Villa del Norte urbanization. It was obtained that the concentration of Pb and Cd in Urb. Carabayllo had a mean of 66.97 mg / kg and 0.86 mg / kg; for Urb. Villa del Norte it is 51.43 mg / kg and 0.73 mg / kg respectively. The concentrations obtained comply with the Environmental Quality Standard (ECA) of the Ministry of the Environment of Peru. The Exposure Dose (DE) was estimated in the Carabayllo urbanization, for adults, a DEPb = 0.000143 mg / kg / day and DECd = 0.000002 mg / kg / day were obtained; and for children, a DEPb = 0.002494 mg / kg / day and DECd = 0.000032 mg / kg / day. In t...

Heavy metals generate adverse effects on health at different levels, including, for some metals, the carcinogenic effect, which is why the presence of these substances in food for many countries such as Peru, is considered a public health problem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the health risk associated with the consumption of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with the presence of heavy metals such as arsenic and lead in metropolitan Lima. Thirty samples of tomato were taken from the main supply points in metropolitan Lima and the region of origin was determined. The samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry at the Centro de Información, Control Toxicológico y Apoyo a la Gestión Ambiental - CICOTOX. The mean concentration of arsenic in tomato was 0,1908mg/kg, this level exceeded the standard defined by Mercosur (0,1mg/kg). Likewise, the mean lead concentra...