El estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar el efecto de la edad sobre el modelo de infección experimental oral para cisticercosis porcina. Dieciocho porcinos provenientes de granjas comerciales negativos a la prueba de EITB de 1, 3 y 5 meses de edad fueron infectados por vía oral con un proglótido y evaluados serológicamente en forma periódica. Doce semanas después, los porcinos fueron necropsiados y se cuantificó el número de quistes intactos y degenerados presentes en el total de la musculatura esquelética, corazón y lengua. La viabilidad de los cisticercos intactos fue evaluada mediante la prueba de evaginación In Vitro. El número de cisticercos fue transformado a grado de infección mediante el análisis de clusters. Se utilizó la prueba de Kruskall Wallis para determinar diferencias y la prueba de correlación de Spearman para determinar el grado de asociación entre las v...

Lamas and their babies from the IVITA Research Center of San Marcos University were used to evaluate the body weight (BW), thoracic perimeter (TP), measures of thigh (TH), rump (RU) and udder, and milk yield, through correlation test to determine the suitable phenotype indicators for the selection of animals for meat production. The evaluation included the effect of age and parity of the dams from previous years using the ANOVA analysis. In the thigh was measured the length (LTH) and the circumference of its upper (CSTH) and lower (CITH) perimeter and, on the rump, the distance between its medial, lateral, sacral and coxal tuberosities. In the udder was measured the length, width and perimeter of the area between teats (PAT). The milk yield was weekly recorded until week seven of lactation and simultaneous to these measures was obtained the body weight of both mothers and babies. There w...

The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human brucellosis in patients with positive diagnosis at the National Hospital «Daniel A. Carrión» (Callao, Peru) in the 2007-2014 period. A total of 68 clinical histories with a positive diagnosis of brucellosis by Brucella melitensis were revised. In 2007, the highest number of cases was recorded (41.1%), and in general, the majority occurred in women (58.8%), from Callao (75.0%), predominantly students (34.5%) and housewives (29.3%). The main clinical signs reported were fever (83.8%), headache (57.4%) and joint pain (55.9%). The most requested laboratory test was Rose Bengal. The results indicate that the disease is present in the environment, so a more efficient control in the animal reservoir is required to prevent the disease in the population.

The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the clinical and tomographic diagnosis in dogs with brain and spine illnesses. An analytical retrospective observational study was carried out, evaluating 196 clinical histories and tomographic reports of veterinary clinics in Metropolitan Lima during the period 2009-2015. This included 76 brain and 120 spinal tomography scans. Of the total of patients, 113 were males (58%) and 83 females (42%) and 120 cases (61.2%) corresponded to purebreds. The main diseases diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography (CT) were thoracolumbar hernia, canine epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and cervical hernia. The clinical diagnosis was related to the presence of a pathology diagnosed by CT using the kappa index and the concordance was classified as poor (k = 0.38). It is concluded that the presumptive clinical diagnosis and CT have very low con...

En las llamas y crías del núcleo reproductor del Centro Experimental IVITA-UNMSM se evaluó el peso corporal (PC), perímetro torácico (PT), las medidas del muslo (MU), grupa (GR) y ubre, y la producción de leche para determinar, a través de pruebas de correlación, los indicadores fenotípicos apropiados en la selección de llamas para producción de carne. La evaluación incluyó el efecto de la edad y paridad de la madre de años anteriores a través del análisis de varianza. En las medidas del muslo se consideró la circunferencia de su perímetro superior (CSMU) e inferior (CIMU) y su longitud (LMU); y en la grupa, la distancia entre sus tuberosidades isquiática medial, lateral, sacra y coxal. En la ubre se consideró su longitud y ancho y el perímetro del área entre pezones (PAP), registradas previo al ordeño. El volumen de leche fue medido cada semana hasta la semana 7 d...

El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de la brucelosis humana en pacientes con diagnóstico positivo en el Hospital Nacional “Daniel A. Carrión” (Callao, Perú) en el periodo 2007-2014. Se revisaron 68 historias clínicas con diagnóstico positivo a brucelosis por Brucella melitensis. En 2007 se registró el mayor número de casos (41.1%), y en general, la mayoría se presentó en mujeres (58.8%), procedentes del Callao (75.0%), predominando estudiantes (34.5%) y amas de casa (29.3%). Los principales signos clínicos encontrados fueron fiebre (83.8%), cefalea (57.4%) y dolores articulares (55.9%). La prueba de laboratorio más solicitada fue Rosa de Bengala. Los resultados indican que la enfermedad se encuentra presente en el medio, por lo que se requiere un control más eficiente en el reservorio animal a fin de prevenir la enfermed...

The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the clinical and tomographic diagnosis in dogs with brain and spine illnesses. An analytical retrospective observational study was carried out, evaluating 196 clinical histories and tomographic reports of veterinary clinics in Metropolitan Lima during the period 2009-2015. This included 76 brain and 120 spinal tomography scans. Of the total of patients, 113 were males (58%) and 83 females (42%) and 120 cases (61.2%) corresponded to purebreds. The main diseases diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography (CT) were thoracolumbar hernia, canine epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and cervical hernia. The clinical diagnosis was related to the presence of a pathology diagnosed by CT using the kappa index and the concordance was classified as poor (k = 0.38). It is concluded that the presumptive clinical diagnosis and CT have very low con...

La acuicultura es una actividad de rápido desarrollo y ello se traduce en producir alimentos inocuos, es decir que no causen daños al consumidor. Existen peligros que ponen en riesgo la inocuidad alimentaria y estos se dividen en biológicos, químicos y físicos, por tanto, identificar los peligros y evitarlos son esenciales para garantizar la comercialización entre países. Este estudio identificó los peligros biológicos y químicos desde la normativa y describió los casos de rechazo entre los años 2015 y 2019. Se realizó una lista de normas vigentes relacionadas a los peligros biológicos y químicos de Perú, Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea. Posteriormente, se compilaron los casos de exportación rechazados entre los años 2015 y 2019, teniendo como países de destino a Estados Unidos a través del portal OASIS – FDA y a la Unión Europea con el portal RASFF. Los datos o...

The objective of the study was to evaluate the agreement between the provisions issued by the National Fisheries Health Agency (SANIPES) with its Chilean counterpart and the principles approved by the World Organization for Animal Health (OMSA), regarding the use of antimicrobial agents in aquaculture. To do this, the national regulations regarding the use of antibiotics in aquatic species were compared with the OMSA aquatic animal health code and two Chilean regulations, a country where aquaculture is more developed in the region. The norms were taken to comparison matrices and were later analyzed. It was found that the Peruvian regulations mostly implemented the guidelines indicated in the OMSA principles for the use of antibiotics in aquaculture aimed at distributors of antimicrobials for use in fish and producers of aquatic species. On the other hand, it did not specifically contempl...

The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics of the population of companion animals that underwent surgical reproductive control in the Municipality of Los Olivos (Lima, Peru) in the 2015-2016 period. The records of the Los Olivos Municipal Veterinary Clinic were reviewed by collecting information on the age, sex, species and address of the owner. The information was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Records of 140 dog and 155 cats were obtained. The average age of the dogs was 2.1 ± 1.5 (range: 8 months to 7 years) and of the cats was 1.2 ± 0.8 (range: 6 months to 4 years). The highest percentage of sterilizations corresponded to females in both species (90.7% in dogs and 89.0% in cats) and of mestizo phenotype (93.6% in dogs and 99.4% in cats). The area of ​​influence of the Municipal Veterinary Clinic of Los Olivos had a radius of up to 8.26 km. It is ...

The aim of this study was to determine the perception and knowledge of veterinary practitioners in Metropolitan Lima on the use of phytocannabinoids for medicinal use in companion animals. An anonymous and voluntary survey was carried out on professionals who worked in veterinary centres in various districts of Lima, obtaining 151 surveys. Among the respondents, 56.3% (85) were women, the average age was 33.0 years and the average professional practice time was 7.1 years. The 85.4% (129) had heard about phytocannabinoids and, of these, 74.8% (113) knew that they are used in veterinary medicine. The most recognized medicinal uses in humans and animals were as antiepileptic, analgesic, and palliative in cancer patients. Of the respondents, 79.5% (120) considered that they should be beneficial, 18.5% (28) had the answer “maybe” and 2% (3) did not consider them beneficial. According to t...

The objective of the study was to describe animal ownership, knowledge and potentially risk practices related to exposure to zoonotic infections among residents of the San Benito Human settlement, Carabayllo (Lima, Peru). In total, 394 people were surveyed, of which 55.6 and 32.2% of them owned cats and dogs, respectively. One dog was found for every 4.6 people and one cat for every 8.5 people. The estimated life expectancy for dogs was 3.3 years and for cats 3.1 years, being their main utility as companion animal. Among dog owners, 88.6% reported the animals were vaccinated against rabies; 39.9 and 35.6% treated their dog against external and internal parasites, respectively, and with the appropriate frequency (every 3 months approx.); 23.5% performed reproductive control (spay/neuter); 78.7% mentioned that stray dogs represent a problem and 57.9% considered that they had an owner; 22.6...

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of keeping backyard animals and describe the knowledge and practices associated with exposure to zoonotic agents among residents of the La Coipa district, Cajamarca, Peru in 2019. A cross-sectional study was designed based on a survey to collect information on the ownership, type and quantity of animals, as well as knowledge and practices related to exposure to zoonotic agents. In total, 280 people from urban areas (46.4%) and rural areas (53.6%) were interviewed. It was reported that 66.8% had poultry, 28.6% guinea pigs, 20.7% equines, 15.7% pigs, 2.5% bovines and 0.7% rabbits, their main utility being self-consumption, except for equines that were used as draft animals. Knowledge about the animal involved in the transmission of cysticercosis was high (75%), but it was low for fascioliasis (10.4%) and hydatidosis (1.1%). Besides,...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of sellers and buyers about the presence of stray dogs and cats within the markets and their control strategy in the Los Olivos district in 2019. In total, 20 sellers and 20 buyers were surveyed in each of the 10 selected markets (total 400 surveys). The results showed that 79.5 and 60.3% of the surveyed observed stray dogs and cats, respectively; 59.2% stated that they had owners; 59.9% of sellers and 36.2% of buyers indicated the presence of dogs in the markets was mainly due to the owners bringing them. Besides, 78.4% said that they represent a problem because they pollute the environment (66.9%), transmit diseases (35.6%) and contaminate food (30.1%). The ailments perceived in stray animals were "malnutrition" (31.3%), parasitosis (24.3%) and accidents (11%). According to them, the responsibility of dealing with the presence of the...

The objective of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of respiratory syncytial (RS) and parainfluenza 3 (PI3) viruses in cattle from three communities of the province of Espinar, Cusco, Perú. Blood samples were collected from 406 cattle older than 6 months of age of both sexes for the detection of antibodies against the RC and PI3 viruses by viral neutralization test. The 85.0 and 87.4 of animals presented antibodies against the RS and PI3 viruses, respectively, where animals with 13-24 and >24 months old were the most affected age groups. Antibody titres against both viruses had a range of 2 to >256, where antibody titres of 16-64 against RS and PI3 viruses were detected in 61.4 and 58.3% of the animals. Antibodies against both viruses were detected in 76.4% of the animals. The results revealed that the RS and PI3 viruses are widely distributed in the cattle popu...

The aim of this study was to determine the opinion of municipal officials about the scope and applicability of the law that prioritizes the sterilization of dogs and cats as a component of the national public health policy (Law N° 31311) in the municipalities of Metropolitan Lima. A descriptive observational study was designed based on interviews involving 27 of the 50 district municipalities of Metropolitan Lima (Lima Province and Callao Constitutional Province). Results showed that 63% mentioned that they were fully aware of Law N° 31311 and 44.4% knew that it was not yet regulated (until December 2022), 66.7% mentioned that they have not discussed implementing the law in their municipalities and 74.1% mentioned that they did not have funding for its implementation. Besides, 88.9% indicated that they did not have a municipal shelter and 74.1% considered that the implementation of a s...

The aim of this study was to quantify the dogs that were used as security instruments in the surveillance service provided by the security service and the municipalities of Peru, between the years 2016 to 2020. For this, the information available in the National Registry of Municipalities, prepared by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) was used. The result was that at the provincial level there was a greater proportion of municipalities where the serenazgos used dogs and that the years 2016 and 2017 were the years where there was a greater number of dogs used as a security element in provincial and district municipalities. It was also found that Lima was the department that had the highest number of dogs registered as a security element, followed by Callao, Piura, La Libertad and Cusco respectively. Finally, it was observed that, of the districts of Metropolitan ...

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de los virus Respiratorio Sincitial (RS) y Parainfluenza 3 (PI3) en bovinos de tres comunidades de la provincia de Espinar, Cusco. Se colectaron 406 muestras de sangre de bovinos mayores de 6 meses de edad, de ambos sexos, para la detección de anticuerpos contra los virus RC y PI3 mediante la prueba de neutralización viral. El 85.0 y 87.4% de los animales presentaron anticuerpos contra los virus RS y PI3, respectivamente, siendo mayor la frecuencia de animales positivos en los grupos etarios de 13 a 24 y >24 meses de edad. Los títulos de anticuerpos contra ambos virus tuvieron un rango de 2 a >256, donde títulos de anticuerpos de 16 a 64 contra el virus RS y PI3 se detectaron en el 61.4 y 58.3% de los animales. El 76.4% de los animales tuvieron anticuerpos contra ambos virus. Los resultados indican que los virus...

The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics of the population of companion animals that underwent surgical reproductive control in the Municipality of Los Olivos (Lima, Peru) in the 2015-2016 period. The records of the Los Olivos Municipal Veterinary Clinic were reviewed by collecting information on the age, sex, species and address of the owner. The information was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Records of 140 dog and 155 cats were obtained. The average age of the dogs was 2.1 ± 1.5 (range: 8 months to 7 years) and of the cats was 1.2 ± 0.8 (range: 6 months to 4 years). The highest percentage of sterilizations corresponded to females in both species (90.7% in dogs and 89.0% in cats) and of mestizo phenotype (93.6% in dogs and 99.4% in cats). The area of ​​influence of the Municipal Veterinary Clinic of Los Olivos had a radius of up to 8.26 km. It is ...

The aim of this study was to determine the perception and knowledge of veterinary practitioners in Metropolitan Lima on the use of phytocannabinoids for medicinal use in companion animals. An anonymous and voluntary survey was carried out on professionals who worked in veterinary centres in various districts of Lima, obtaining 151 surveys. Among the respondents, 56.3% (85) were women, the average age was 33.0 years and the average professional practice time was 7.1 years. The 85.4% (129) had heard about phytocannabinoids and, of these, 74.8% (113) knew that they are used in veterinary medicine. The most recognized medicinal uses in humans and animals were as antiepileptic, analgesic, and palliative in cancer patients. Of the respondents, 79.5% (120) considered that they should be beneficial, 18.5% (28) had the answer “maybe” and 2% (3) did not consider them beneficial. According to t...