The study aimed to evaluate the effect of alkaline treatment of the California bulrush (Scirpus californicus) treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 2, 3 and 4% on a dry basis, on dry matter and protein digestibility in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). The digestibility tests were conducted on 16 adult male guinea pigs of the Inti genetic line. Four animals were used per treatment: (T1): California bulrush without alkaline treatment, (T2) with 2% NaOH, (T3) with 3% NaOH, and (T4) with 4% NaOH. The digestibility coefficients of dry matter in T1 to T4 were 63.46, 65.27, 69.88 and 70.86% respectively, where T1 and T2 were significantly different from T3 and T4 (p<0.01). In the case of total protein, the digestibility values were 73.86, 75.06, 78.46 y 81.25% respectively, where T3 and T4 were greater and different between each other (p<0.01). It is concluded that the treatment of Califo...

The study aimed to determine the age of Huacaya alpacas in early learning to concentrate intake under maternal influence, based on the susceptibility of young alpacas of not eating concentrates due to neophobia. The study was conducted in the central highlands of Peru, with 30 baby alpaca (and their mothers), divided into three groups of 10 animals of 2, 3 and 4 months of age per group. The baby alpacas were offered a concentrate for 15 days based on wheat byproduct, ground barley, cotton pulp, molasses and minerals and the daily acceptance was assessed. Eighty per cent of 4-month animals accepted the concentrate at 8.8 ± 0.5 days (p <0.05). At day 11, only 4 of the 2-month animals accepted the concentrate, but all accepted it at day 13, while all 3-month old animals accepted concentrate at day 11. Concentrate intake was standardized at an earlier stage (10.0 ± 1.0 days) in 4-month ...

Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in the central coast of Peru were compared. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and diluted with Tris-fructose-egg yolk. The individual progressive motility, the membrane integrity by the hypoosmotic text (HOST), and sperm concentration in the Neubauer chamber were determined after two hours of refrigeration. The percentage values were previously transformed into ArcSen %. The Student «t» test for independent means differences between breeds was performed. Progressive individual motility was 82.36 ± 6.66 and 83.30 ± 4.92% (p>0.05) and the mass motility was 4.28 ± 0.45 and 4.06 ± 0.33 (p<0.05) for the Assaf and for Blackbelly rams, respectively. The integrity of the spermatic membrane was 83.50 ± 2.77% for Assaf and 82.56 ± 3.78% for Blackbelly (p<0.05). Sperm concentra...

The study was carried out in a farm located in the central highlands of Peru, at 3270 m above the sea level, to determine the effect of the use of three ruminal fluid levels in the drinking water of broilers. Two hundred Cobb chickens were used from the first day of age. The chicks were distributed in four groups of 50, in equal proportions of males and females. The treatments were: T1: drinking water alone (control); T2: 87.5% drinking water + 12.5% ruminal fluid; T3: 75% drinking water + 25% ruminal fluid; T4: 62.5% drinking water + 37.5% ruminal fluid. The chicks were fed with a starter diet for three weeks. The inclusion of ruminal fluid in drinking water improved weight gain and feed conversion (p<0.01). The use of 37.5% ruminal fluid in drinking water allowed a 19.4% increase in weight gain and a 15.5% increase in feed conversion.

Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (T3) 20 t/ha sobre el rendimiento de forraje verde (FV), materia seca (MS), altura de planta (AP) y proteína total (PT) de la alfalfa en una pradera de Huancayo (Junín, Perú). El abonamiento se hizo al primer día del estudio y al inicio de la semana 6. El primer corte se hizo a los 42 días del primer abonamiento y el segundo corte a los 35 días del segundo abonamiento. Los rendimientos al segundo corte de FV en T1, T2 y T3 fueron de 18.6, 23.5 y 26.8 t/ha (p<0.05), de MS de 2.5, 7.0 y 7.1 t/ha (p<0.05), de PT de 0.8, 1.0 y 1.2 t/ha (p<0.05) y de AP de 60.8, 66.9 y 63.8 cm, respectivamente (p<0.05). Se demuestra que es posible emplear compost de guano de pollos broiler para obtener una mayor producción orgánica de alfalfa.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of alkaline treatment of the California bulrush (Scirpus californicus) treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 2, 3 and 4% on a dry basis, on dry matter and protein digestibility in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). The digestibility tests were conducted on 16 adult male guinea pigs of the Inti genetic line. Four animals were used per treatment: (T1): California bulrush without alkaline treatment, (T2) with 2% NaOH, (T3) with 3% NaOH, and (T4) with 4% NaOH. The digestibility coefficients of dry matter in T1 to T4 were 63.46, 65.27, 69.88 and 70.86% respectively, where T1 and T2 were significantly different from T3 and T4 (p<0.01). In the case of total protein, the digestibility values were 73.86, 75.06, 78.46 y 81.25% respectively, where T3 and T4 were greater and different between each other (p<0.01). It is concluded that the treatment of Califo...

The study aimed to determine the age of Huacaya alpacas in early learning to concentrate intake under maternal influence, based on the susceptibility of young alpacas of not eating concentrates due to neophobia. The study was conducted in the central highlands of Peru, with 30 baby alpaca (and their mothers), divided into three groups of 10 animals of 2, 3 and 4 months of age per group. The baby alpacas were offered a concentrate for 15 days based on wheat byproduct, ground barley, cotton pulp, molasses and minerals and the daily acceptance was assessed. Eighty per cent of 4-month animals accepted the concentrate at 8.8 ± 0.5 days (p <0.05). At day 11, only 4 of the 2-month animals accepted the concentrate, but all accepted it at day 13, while all 3-month old animals accepted concentrate at day 11. Concentrate intake was standardized at an earlier stage (10.0 ± 1.0 days) in 4-month ...

Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in the central coast of Peru were compared. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and diluted with Tris-fructose-egg yolk. The individual progressive motility, the membrane integrity by the hypoosmotic text (HOST), and sperm concentration in the Neubauer chamber were determined after two hours of refrigeration. The percentage values were previously transformed into ArcSen %. The Student «t» test for independent means differences between breeds was performed. Progressive individual motility was 82.36 ± 6.66 and 83.30 ± 4.92% (p>0.05) and the mass motility was 4.28 ± 0.45 and 4.06 ± 0.33 (p<0.05) for the Assaf and for Blackbelly rams, respectively. The integrity of the spermatic membrane was 83.50 ± 2.77% for Assaf and 82.56 ± 3.78% for Blackbelly (p<0.05). Sperm concentra...

La investigación se realizó en una granja ubicada en la sierra central del Perú, a 3270 msnm, para determinar el efecto del uso de niveles de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida de pollos broilers. Se utilizaron 200 pollos Cobb desde el primer día de edad. Las aves fueron distribuidas en cuatro grupos de 50, en iguales proporciones de machos y hembras. Los tratamientos fueron: T1: Agua de bebida sola (control); T2: 87.5% de agua de bebida + 12.5% de líquido ruminal; T3: 75% de agua de bebida + 25% de líquido ruminal; T4: 62.5% de agua de bebida + 37.5% de líquido ruminal. Los pollos fueron alimentados con un concentrado de ‘inicio’ durante tres semanas. La inclusión de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida mejoró la ganancia de peso y la conversión alimenticia (p<0.01). El empleo de 37.5% de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida permitió tener 19.4% más de ganancia d...

Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (T3) 20 t/ha sobre el rendimiento de forraje verde (FV), materia seca (MS), altura de planta (AP) y proteína total (PT) de la alfalfa en una pradera de Huancayo (Junín, Perú). El abonamiento se hizo al primer día del estudio y al inicio de la semana 6. El primer corte se hizo a los 42 días del primer abonamiento y el segundo corte a los 35 días del segundo abonamiento. Los rendimientos al segundo corte de FV en T1, T2 y T3 fueron de 18.6, 23.5 y 26.8 t/ha (p<0.05), de MS de 2.5, 7.0 y 7.1 t/ha (p<0.05), de PT de 0.8, 1.0 y 1.2 t/ha (p<0.05) y de AP de 60.8, 66.9 y 63.8 cm, respectivamente (p<0.05). Se demuestra que es posible emplear compost de guano de pollos broiler para obtener una mayor producción orgánica de alfalfa.

The aim of this study was to assess the status of major reproductive parameters of Nellore cattle reared in the central tropics of Peru. Reproductive data of 63 cows that had three consecutive calvings between 2000 to 2007 was used. The variables were age at first conception, age at first calving, interval between the first, second and third calving, open days between second and third calving, and calf birth weight in the first four parturitions. Age at first conception was 30.7 ± 6.0 months (range: 17.7 to 42.9 months), age at first calving was 40.2 ± 6.0 months (range: 27.2 to 52.4 months), calving interval was 434.1 ± 58.6 days (range: 317 to 540 days), open days was 179.8 ± 55.5 days (range: 90-292 days) and body weight at birth was 27.0 ± 4.9 kg (range: 20-40 kg).

The aim of this study was to assess the status of major reproductive parameters of Nellore cattle reared in the central tropics of Peru. Reproductive data of 63 cows that had three consecutive calvings between 2000 to 2007 was used. The variables were age at first conception, age at first calving, interval between the first, second and third calving, open days between second and third calving, and calf birth weight in the first four parturitions. Age at first conception was 30.7 ± 6.0 months (range: 17.7 to 42.9 months), age at first calving was 40.2 ± 6.0 months (range: 27.2 to 52.4 months), calving interval was 434.1 ± 58.6 days (range: 317 to 540 days), open days was 179.8 ± 55.5 days (range: 90-292 days) and body weight at birth was 27.0 ± 4.9 kg (range: 20-40 kg).