We have studied the pathways and metastases in 56 autopsies of patients who died from cervical cancer. The extension by continuity is the most common mode of transmission of this neoplasm. Parametria were invaded in 96.4 percent of cases; then follow in order of frequency, the vesico-vaginal septum (69.7 percent), the vagina and the bladder (59 percent), the rectovaginal septum (53 percent), rectum (34 percent), uterine body and annexes (23 percent). Metastasis via the lymphatic system were found in 83.9 percent of patients, being more frequent metastases in pelvic lymph and then in descending order, metastasis was found in lymph lumbar retro-peritoneal (50 percent), mesenteric and mediastinal (18 and 16 percent respectively) and supraclavicular (5.3 percent). .5 In 42 percent of cases caused by blood metastasis was found, with the lungs (20 percent) and liver (16 percent) the most frequ...

The usefulness of cytodiagnosis in medical practice, is no longer subject discussed; abundant literature accumulated in the fourth and fifth decades of this century has demonstrated the accuracy of the method and has also proved that the cytodiagnosis offers different possibilities, whichever is the territory of the organism in which it is applied or the type of discharge or exudate under review. All authors agree that the method achieves the best results when it is applied to the pelvic area.

1900 has been studied cells frotises 50 cases of in situ cervical cancer and 520 cells frotises of 12 cases of invasive cervical cancer, all confirmed histologically. It was performed measurements of each cell and its nucleus and described morphological characteristics and tintoreales nucleus and cytoplasm. It concludes that while there are no cancer cells pathognomonic of cancer in situ, allowing make such a diagnosis for purely cytological means, however smear intra-epithelial carcinoma is usually very suggestive and allows the cytologist, in most cases, advance the possibility of such a diagnosis, which must be confirmed histologically.

It has been studied 51 cases of cancer in situ of the cervix, discovered in a period of 4 years, during which 16,000 patients of both sexes were examined; 1,597 of them had the diagnostic of infiltrating cancer of the cervix which gives an incidence of 3.2 per cent for cancer in situ. The average age of the patients with cáncer in situ was 41.0 years, while that of infiltrating was 47 years. It is discussed the histologic criterion which permits the diagnostic of cancer in situ: differential diagnosis is made with the histologic changes provoked by pregnancy by trichomonas and with atypical metaplasia. We have found a larger proportion of cases in the endocervical canal with or without glandular involvement. Special emphasis is given to the importance of Papanicolaou's test to discover cancer in situ and in the convenience of the ring cervical biopsy in order to demonstrate if cancer is...

The results of the campaign cytological detection of cervical cancer conducted at the Central Hospital Employee occur. In fifteen years of work they have been discussed 97.996 women, most of them free of symptoms and signs of cervical cancer, having been diagnosed 267 cases of this neoplasm. The variation in this period occurred in the prevalence of the different stages of development of cervical cancer is discussed. In the first half, the (cancer in situ) subclinical constituted 37 percent of the cases and advanced forms (stage III and IV), together accounted for 18 percent of cases. However, in the third five-year, cases of in situ cancer they increased to constitute 52 percent, while advanced forms represent only nine percent. It is noted that the labor sector of the Social Security system, cervical cancer remains a serious social health problem, determined in part by their own biolog...

To study the epidemiology of a disease means that we must first applicant individually; in other words we need a concept as fully as possible of its fundamental features to diagnose, individualize and differentiate it from other similar processes.

Eleven cases of herpeti colpocervicitis detected in a serie of 30.000 routine gynecological smears studied in 1973 and 1974, have been presented. Considering that the group of patients we have studied belong to medium socio-economic class and having no other references published locally we assume that the real incidence of this infection in the whole women population of this country is much higher than the 0.36 per thousand we found.  Only in one case the herpetic infection was suspected clinically; In another case the infection, was associated with adeno carcinoma of the cervix. The medium age of our cases was 30.8 years which is lower than the medium age of patients with dysplasia (36.3 years), carcinoma in situ (41.0 years) and infiltrating carcinoma of the cervix (47.3 years). We discuss the significance of the herpes virus as oncogenic factor in the pathogenesis of cancer of th...

The historical reasons , training of medical teachers and current organizational structures in which education is given, which are obstacles to change the traditional orientation of medical education which is still being imparted in most analyzes medical schools . To form a new type of doctor who is able to exert integrative medicine and act as leader of his own community within their specific field , in the difficult path to achieve development , a prerequisite is retrain the current professors of medicine , switch structures of organisms in which education is provided and ensure close coordination between universities and state agencies responsible for public health , and, therefore, are those who, as employers, to absorb most professional forming medical schools . The people in intercultural situation , claim to be attended by health professionals to be trained with a different philos...

It has been studied 51 cases of cancer in situ of the cervix, discovered in a period of 4 years, during which 16,000 patients of both sexes were examined; 1,597 of them had the diagnostic of infiltrating cancer of the cervix which gives an incidence of 3.2 per cent for cancer in situ. The average age of the patients with cáncer in situ was 41.0 years, while that of infiltrating was 47 years. It is discussed the histologic criterion which permits the diagnostic of cancer in situ: differential diagnosis is made with the histologic changes provoked by pregnancy by trichomonas and with atypical metaplasia. We have found a larger proportion of cases in the endocervical canal with or without glandular involvement. Special emphasis is given to the importance of Papanicolaou's test to discover cancer in situ and in the convenience of the ring cervical biopsy in order to demonstrate if cancer is...

We have studied the pathways and metastases in 56 autopsies of patients who died from cervical cancer. The extension by continuity is the most common mode of transmission of this neoplasm. Parametria were invaded in 96.4 percent of cases; then follow in order of frequency, the vesico-vaginal septum (69.7 percent), the vagina and the bladder (59 percent), the rectovaginal septum (53 percent), rectum (34 percent), uterine body and annexes (23 percent). Metastasis via the lymphatic system were found in 83.9 percent of patients, being more frequent metastases in pelvic lymph and then in descending order, metastasis was found in lymph lumbar retro-peritoneal (50 percent), mesenteric and mediastinal (18 and 16 percent respectively) and supraclavicular (5.3 percent). .5 In 42 percent of cases caused by blood metastasis was found, with the lungs (20 percent) and liver (16 percent) the most frequ...

1900 has been studied cells frotises 50 cases of in situ cervical cancer and 520 cells frotises of 12 cases of invasive cervical cancer, all confirmed histologically. It was performed measurements of each cell and its nucleus and described morphological characteristics and tintoreales nucleus and cytoplasm. It concludes that while there are no cancer cells pathognomonic of cancer in situ, allowing make such a diagnosis for purely cytological means, however smear intra-epithelial carcinoma is usually very suggestive and allows the cytologist, in most cases, advance the possibility of such a diagnosis, which must be confirmed histologically.

The usefulness of cytodiagnosis in medical practice, is no longer subject discussed; abundant literature accumulated in the fourth and fifth decades of this century has demonstrated the accuracy of the method and has also proved that the cytodiagnosis offers different possibilities, whichever is the territory of the organism in which it is applied or the type of discharge or exudate under review. All authors agree that the method achieves the best results when it is applied to the pelvic area.

The results of the campaign cytological detection of cervical cancer conducted at the Central Hospital Employee occur. In fifteen years of work they have been discussed 97.996 women, most of them free of symptoms and signs of cervical cancer, having been diagnosed 267 cases of this neoplasm. The variation in this period occurred in the prevalence of the different stages of development of cervical cancer is discussed. In the first half, the (cancer in situ) subclinical constituted 37 percent of the cases and advanced forms (stage III and IV), together accounted for 18 percent of cases. However, in the third five-year, cases of in situ cancer they increased to constitute 52 percent, while advanced forms represent only nine percent. It is noted that the labor sector of the Social Security system, cervical cancer remains a serious social health problem, determined in part by their own biolog...

To study the epidemiology of a disease means that we must first applicant individually; in other words we need a concept as fully as possible of its fundamental features to diagnose, individualize and differentiate it from other similar processes.

Eleven cases of herpeti colpocervicitis detected in a serie of 30.000 routine gynecological smears studied in 1973 and 1974, have been presented. Considering that the group of patients we have studied belong to medium socio-economic class and having no other references published locally we assume that the real incidence of this infection in the whole women population of this country is much higher than the 0.36 per thousand we found.  Only in one case the herpetic infection was suspected clinically; In another case the infection, was associated with adeno carcinoma of the cervix. The medium age of our cases was 30.8 years which is lower than the medium age of patients with dysplasia (36.3 years), carcinoma in situ (41.0 years) and infiltrating carcinoma of the cervix (47.3 years). We discuss the significance of the herpes virus as oncogenic factor in the pathogenesis of cancer of th...

Patient 28 from a year earlier has a molar abortion, for continuing metorragias is practiced hysterectomy. The corioncarcinoma checked. You are in control having been two months since the operation.

Of the various objective factors that have been evaluated and could be used to predict a particular case that has just been treated surgically , has been considered : the size of the primary tumor nodule , the presence or absence of nodal metastases , type of neoplasia , degree of cell differentiation, degree of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and fibrosis. From the above elements we found that the degree of fibrosis and the degree of cell differentiation does not appear to be useful because no significant differences between the group of patients alive and dead by the group of neoplasia. In other words, these factors do not appear to influence the course of the disease . Instead, the following factors: primary tumor size , degree of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the tumor and lymph node metastasis is if valuable elements in the prediction of evolution. In short, one could argue that ...

Patient 28 from a year earlier has a molar abortion, for continuing metorragias is practiced hysterectomy. The corioncarcinoma checked. You are in control having been two months since the operation.

In 1691 pelvic malignancies genital we find 23 early carcinomas of the ovary; This carcinoma standing in third place among the gynecological cancers, with an incidence of 1.20 percent. 60.3 percent of patients consulting for the first time within the first 6 months of the onset of symptoms; however all had very advanced stages of the disease. The most common symptoms are pain and "abdominal tumor." In 83 percent the size of the tumor being 15 cms. in diameter. The clinical diagnosis was made in 50 percent. The cytodiagnosis no practical value in ovarian carcinoma. We have only one case of group III cells between 14 extended. Metastases were found in 83 percent of cases. Ascites was present in 60 percent of patients tested by laparotomy. More than 50 percent of neoplasms papilíferos correspond to carcinomas. Ovarian carcinoma causes high mortality; before 2 years they have killed 45 perc...

In 1691 pelvic malignancies genital we find 23 early carcinomas of the ovary; This carcinoma standing in third place among the gynecological cancers, with an incidence of 1.20 percent. 60.3 percent of patients consulting for the first time within the first 6 months of the onset of symptoms; however all had very advanced stages of the disease. The most common symptoms are pain and "abdominal tumor." In 83 percent the size of the tumor being 15 cms. in diameter. The clinical diagnosis was made in 50 percent. The cytodiagnosis no practical value in ovarian carcinoma. We have only one case of group III cells between 14 extended. Metastases were found in 83 percent of cases. Ascites was present in 60 percent of patients tested by laparotomy. More than 50 percent of neoplasms papilíferos correspond to carcinomas. Ovarian carcinoma causes high mortality; before 2 years they have killed 45 perc...