El cacao ha tenido un crecimiento significativo en los últimos años en el Perú y la presencia de metales pesados en los suelos de estas plantaciones es un potencial problema para las exportaciones de este producto. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los contenidos totales de metales pesados (Cd, Ni, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) en los suelos de plantaciones de cacao en las principales áreas de producción del Perú: Zona Norte (Tumbes, Piura, Cajamarca y Amazonas); Zona central (San Martín, Huánuco y Junín); Zona Sur (Cuzco). Se consideraron plantaciones entre 10 y 15 años de edad. Se realizaron los análisis físicos (textura) y químicos (pH, materia orgánica, CIC, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Cd, Ni, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) de los suelos muestreados. Los suelos en el estudio presentan adecuadas condiciones físicas y químicas para el cultivo de cacao. Los valores de metales pesados se ...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Agricultura Sustentable

Endophytic fungi (EF) are microorganisms that live asymptomatically within plant tissues. They can confer benefits to the plant as inducers of resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to abiotic factors, plant growth promoters and mycoparasites of pathogens. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and determine occurrence frequency of endophytic fungi in stems and leaves of blueberry plants collected from ten farms in Lima and Ica Region, Peru. Productive branches of 39 healthy plants were sampled. For the isolation of EF, 702 tissue sections were disinfected and transferred to Petri dishes with potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and reproductive structures were induced for identification. A total of 134 EF strains were isolated successfully. Nine genera were identified (Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Ulocladium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Lasiodiplodia and Stemphylium)...

Peru has a great potential for forestry plantations, nevertheless, importations of this type of products are getting very expensive. Soils under forest are acidic and infertile to support sustainable economically valuable forest tree species such as teak.  Information is lacking on proper fertility management in forest plantations such as teak. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the effect of lime, and organic and inorganic fertilizers on the early growth and nutrient composition of 12-month old teak grown on acidic soil of Peru. The soil under field study was acidic with a pH of 4.99, low in fertility. A factorial design of 2x3: Lime (No Lime and Liming) and fertilizer (organic, inorganic and mixture), with 9 repetitions was adopted. Tree biometric parameters (height, diameter, biomass) and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn foliar concentrations were determined during ...

Aim: Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is expected to be vulnerable to climate change. The objectives of this study were to (a) assess the future impact of climate change on cacao in Peru and (b) identify areas where climate change-tolerant genotypes are potentially present. Methods: Drawing on 19,700 and 1,200 presence points of cultivated and wild cacao, respectively, we modelled their suitability distributions using multiple ensemble models constructed based on both random and target group selection of pseudo-absence points and different resolutions of spatial filtering. To estimate the uncertainty of future predictions, we generated future projections for all the ensemble models. We investigated the potential emergence of novel climates, determined expected changes in ecogeographical zones (zones representative for particular sets of growth conditions) and carried out an outlier analysis ba...