A field study was conducted to evaluate the impact of phosphorous fertilization and the introduction of white clover (Trifolium repens) in native grasslands dominated by Festuca dolichophylla (festuca). The study area was located at 4500 m of altitude in the Ayaracra sector, Pasco region, which corresponds to the Puna ecoregion of Peru. The experimental design was a 2x2x5 factorial in blocks with two levels of phosphorus (0 and 80 kg/ha), two distances between clump seeding gaps (0.5 and 1.0 m) and five climatic seasons. Plant height, foliar expansion, vigor (volume, height), plant weight (g/m2), number of flowering heads (inflorescences), degree of nodulation, nitrogen content in the leaves and stems of fescue were evaluated and nitrogen content in the soil where white clover was present. Phosphorus fertilization (80 kg/ha) and planting spacing (0.5 cm) showed a significant effect on th...

A field study was conducted to evaluate the impact of phosphorous fertilization and the introduction of white clover (Trifolium repens) in native grasslands dominated by Festuca dolichophylla (festuca). The study area was located at 4500 m of altitude in the Ayaracra sector, Pasco region, which corresponds to the Puna ecoregion of Peru. The experimental design was a 2x2x5 factorial in blocks with two levels of phosphorus (0 and 80 kg/ha), two distances between clump seeding gaps (0.5 and 1.0 m) and five climatic seasons. Plant height, foliar expansion, vigor (volume, height), plant weight (g/m2), number of flowering heads (inflorescences), degree of nodulation, nitrogen content in the leaves and stems of fescue were evaluated and nitrogen content in the soil where white clover was present. Phosphorus fertilization (80 kg/ha) and planting spacing (0.5 cm) showed a significant effect on th...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

The aim of this study was to compare the germination of perennial soybean (Nenotonia wightii) cv. Cooper based on two methods of scarification (hot water and mechanical scarification) versus control treatment (without scarification). Mechanical scarification consisted of scraping the seed with sandpaper (# 125) by hand for 5 minutes. Scarification with hot water consisted of placing the seeds in boiling point water in a 1:3 seed:water ratio for 24 hours. The percentage of germinated seeds was higher in the mechanical scarification treatment with sandpaper (p<0.05) and similar between the treatment with hot water and the control. The highest germination percentage was 37.5, 40, and 96% on days 14, 12, and 9 for the control, hot water, and mechanical scarification treatments, respectively.

The aim of this study was to compare the germination of perennial soybean (Nenotonia wightii) cv. Cooper based on two methods of scarification (hot water and mechanical scarification) versus control treatment (without scarification). Mechanical scarification consisted of scraping the seed with sandpaper (# 125) by hand for 5 minutes. Scarification with hot water consisted of placing the seeds in boiling point water in a 1:3 seed:water ratio for 24 hours. The percentage of germinated seeds was higher in the mechanical scarification treatment with sandpaper (p<0.05) and similar between the treatment with hot water and the control. The highest germination percentage was 37.5, 40, and 96% on days 14, 12, and 9 for the control, hot water, and mechanical scarification treatments, respectively.

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

The dynamics of primary production and nutritional value were evaluated based on the variation of dry matter yield, plant height, crude protein content, crude fibre, and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DM) in three phenological stages (floral bud, start of flowering and seed maturation) of three species of tropical grasses: para grass (Brachiaria mutica), molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora) and South African pigeon grass (Setaria sphacelata). The study was conducted in the province of Oxapampa, Pasco region (Peru) using a statistical design of divided plots for the variable of production of aerial biomass and completely randomized blocks for the nutritional value of the forage. B. mutica had the highest average height (97 cm), followed by S. sphacelata (55 cm) and M. minutiflora (40 cm). The superiority in height of B. mutica was reflected in the highest cumulative dry matter prod...

Se evaluó la dinámica de la producción primaria y el valor nutritivo basado en la variación del rendimiento de materia seca, altura de planta, contenido de proteína cruda, fibra cruda y digestibilidad in vitro de materia seca (MS) en tres estados fenológicos (botón floral, inicio de floración y maduración de semilla) de tres especies de gramíneas tropicales: gramalote (Brachiaria mutica), gordura (Melinis minutiflora) y setaria (Setaria sphacelata). El estudio se realizó en la provincia de Oxapampa, región Pasco (Perú) utilizando un diseño estadístico de parcelas divididas para la variable de producción de biomasa aérea y de bloques completamente randomizado para las variables de valor nutritivo del forraje. B. mutica presentó la mayor altura promedio (97 cm), seguida por S. sphacelata (55 cm) y M. minutiflora (40 cm). La superioridad en altura de B. mutica se reflejó ...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

The aim of this study was to compare the growth, biomass accumulation, tillering dynamics and water behavior of Festuca dolichophylla (Presl, 1830) (fedo) and Festuca humilior (Nees y Meyen, 1841) (fehu). The study was carried out in grasslands of good condition in the Peruvian highlands at an altitude of 4186 m. The model included species and month as fixed effects, and age post-plating as a random effect. fedo evidenced a greater height to the flag leaf with 29.66±0.56 cm and volume of grass with 993.88±44.34 cm3, while fehu evidenced a greater proportion of flowering with 35.71±1.84%. Both species had a similar quantity of basal tillers. In March-2016 the highest peak of volumetric soil moisture (20 cm) with 57.37±0.78% was evidenced, while in September 2016 it was the lowest peak with 13.86±0.83%. In December 2016, the highest transpiration peaks were evident with 92-95 mmol m2-...

The aim of this study was to compare the growth, biomass accumulation, tillering dynamics and water behavior of Festuca dolichophylla (Presl, 1830) (fedo) and Festuca humilior (Nees y Meyen, 1841) (fehu). The study was carried out in grasslands of good condition in the Peruvian highlands at an altitude of 4186 m. The model included species and month as fixed effects, and age post-plating as a random effect. fedo evidenced a greater height to the flag leaf with 29.66±0.56 cm and volume of grass with 993.88±44.34 cm3, while fehu evidenced a greater proportion of flowering with 35.71±1.84%. Both species had a similar quantity of basal tillers. In March-2016 the highest peak of volumetric soil moisture (20 cm) with 57.37±0.78% was evidenced, while in September 2016 it was the lowest peak with 13.86±0.83%. In December 2016, the highest transpiration peaks were evident with 92-95 mmol m2-...

The aim of this study was to determine the growth rate and nutritional quality of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq) under a silvopastoral system with the faique tree (Acacia macracantha). The evaluation included two seasons (rainy and dry) and three treatments: (1) under the canopy of the young tree, (2) under the canopy of the medium-size tree, and (3) outside the canopy of the tree. The trees were classified according to the diameter at chest height. The growth and quality of the grass were measured by the method of cutting and separation and subsequent laboratory analysis. The growth rate ranged from 71.09 to 51.15 kg DM/ha/d, outside and inside the tree canopy, respectively, in the rainy season. Crude protein varied from 10.58, 12.79 and 13.88% (rainy season) and 8.93, 10.26 and 11.99% (dry season) outside the tree canopy, under the young tree canopy and under the middle tree canop...

The aim of this study was to determine the growth rate and nutritional quality of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq) under a silvopastoral system with the faique tree (Acacia macracantha). The evaluation included two seasons (rainy and dry) and three treatments: (1) under the canopy of the young tree, (2) under the canopy of the medium-size tree, and (3) outside the canopy of the tree. The trees were classified according to the diameter at chest height. The growth and quality of the grass were measured by the method of cutting and separation and subsequent laboratory analysis. The growth rate ranged from 71.09 to 51.15 kg DM/ha/d, outside and inside the tree canopy, respectively, in the rainy season. Crude protein varied from 10.58, 12.79 and 13.88% (rainy season) and 8.93, 10.26 and 11.99% (dry season) outside the tree canopy, under the young tree canopy and under the middle tree canop...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate and growth patterns in five populations of Festuca dolichophylla under similar conditions. Five accessions were obtained from each population: Comunidad Campesina Pastales Huando – Huancavelica (CCPH), Lachocc South American Camelid Research and Development Center of the National University of Huancavelica (CIDCSL), as well as from the regions of Junín, Pasco and Puno. Each accession was divided into six plants and installed in a uniform CCPH soil. After 12 months of establishment, the survival rate and monthly morphological characteristics during growth were estimated. Survival rates were from 43.3% in CIDCSL plants up to 96.7% in Puno plants (p<0.05) and with high variability within each population. Plant height, growth rate, number of stems, stem appearance rate and number of leaves also showed high variability and differen...