The objective of this study was to develop an index of vulnerability of alpaca herders (VAH), based on the adaptive capacity index (ACI) and sensitivity (SI) to climate change herders. The study was carried out in 2014 obtaining information from 17 alpaca farms from five annexes of the Sallca Santa Ana Peasant Community (SSAPC), Huancavelica, Peru. A conceptual model of ACI and SI was generated, assigning weights and function values to sources and attributes. For this, an Expert Panel from La Molina National Agrarian University (UNALM) and Nexus Program of the Fulbrigth Commission, USA, was formed. The ACI was estimated from human, physical, financial, information and diversity resources. The SI with livelihood and grassland resources. The VAH was estimated with the combination of ACI and SI, using fuzzy logic obtaining three categories: low, moderate and high. The U Mann-Whitney test co...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento Académico de Producción Animal

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia Animal

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

El estudio evaluó el efecto del insumo denominado ensilado fijado y seco de vísceras de trucha (EFSVT), en dietas de crecimiento y engorde de cuyes (Cavia porcellus); experimento que se realizó en el Laboratorio de Animales Menores de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, durante los meses de enero y febrero de 2017 por un lapso de siete semanas. Se utilizaron 48 cuyes machos destetados (Tipo 1) de 14 ± 3 días de edad, diseñándose tres tratamientos: un testigo (T1, 0 %) y otros dos con niveles de 3 % (T2) y 6 % (T3) de EFSVT, considerando dieciséis animales por tratamiento, con cuatro repeticiones de cuatro animales cada una. Los alimentos balanceados integrales brindados fueron isoproteícos e isoenergéticos (20,3 % PT y 2,80 Mcal ED/kg) siendo administrados ad libitum. El peso final fue inferior en el tratamiento 3 (p<0,05); sin embargo, en ningún tratamiento hubo sig...

The aim of this study was to compare the expected genetic progress of the selection indexes for Corriedale sheep based on performance and progeny tests. The study was carried out in the “Corpacancha” Production Unit of the SAIS Pachacútec, Junín, Peru, at an altitude of 4150 meters above sea level. A performance test was used based on bodyweight and fleece weight, and the mixed model to obtain the best unbiased linear predictor (BLUP), where the fixed effects were sex, type of parturition and a covariate age at weaning. The progeny was 118 females and 73 males. The bodyweight at first shearing was 65.86 ± 13.25 kg and the clean fleece weight of 5.99 ± 1.44 kg. The fertility rate was 75%, birth rate 109.7%, twin births 4.8% and 1.7 services/pregnancy. The bodyweight correlation with fleece weight was 0.47, suitable for the selection indices. The expected genetic progress of the pe...

The aim of this study was to estimate the additive and permanent maternal effect, age, sex and year of the campaign on the body weights at birth, weaning and first shearing and fleece weight in Huacaya alpacas from the La Raya Research and Production Centre in Puno, Peru, at an altitude between 4100 and 5000 above the sea level. In total, 1494 sheared offspring corresponding to two campaign periods were evaluated. The productive characteristics were subjected to a mixed model, where the campaign and the sex of the calf were adjusted with their age at weaning and first shearing and included as fixed effects. The random effects were maternal additive genetic value and mother's age as permanent maternal effects. The variance components were estimated by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML). The average age of tuis alpacas at weaning was 240.1 ± 0.3 days, while the age at first shearing...

The aim of this study was to compare the expected genetic progress of the selection indexes for Corriedale sheep based on performance and progeny tests. The study was carried out in the “Corpacancha” Production Unit of the SAIS Pachacútec, Junín, Peru, at an altitude of 4150 meters above sea level. A performance test was used based on bodyweight and fleece weight, and the mixed model to obtain the best unbiased linear predictor (BLUP), where the fixed effects were sex, type of parturition and a covariate age at weaning. The progeny was 118 females and 73 males. The bodyweight at first shearing was 65.86 ± 13.25 kg and the clean fleece weight of 5.99 ± 1.44 kg. The fertility rate was 75%, birth rate 109.7%, twin births 4.8% and 1.7 services/pregnancy. The bodyweight correlation with fleece weight was 0.47, suitable for the selection indices. The expected genetic progress of the pe...

The aim of this study was to estimate the additive and permanent maternal effect, age, sex and year of the campaign on the body weights at birth, weaning and first shearing and fleece weight in Huacaya alpacas from the La Raya Research and Production Centre in Puno, Peru, at an altitude between 4100 and 5000 above the sea level. In total, 1494 sheared offspring corresponding to two campaign periods were evaluated. The productive characteristics were subjected to a mixed model, where the campaign and the sex of the calf were adjusted with their age at weaning and first shearing and included as fixed effects. The random effects were maternal additive genetic value and mother's age as permanent maternal effects. The variance components were estimated by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML). The average age of tuis alpacas at weaning was 240.1 ± 0.3 days, while the age at first shearing...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of N, P and K fertilization on the production of aerial biomass of two native grasses Festuca dolichophylla and Festuca humilior. The experiment was carried out in the SAIS Túpac Amaru, Junín, Peru, at an altitude of 4186 m. The treatments were N, P, K, NPK and a control. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium doses were 36.24, 4.27 and 29.92 kg/ha, respectively. The model of blocks with orthogonal contrasts was used. The variables were: fresh aerial biomass (kg/ha), dry aerial biomass (kg/ha) and percentage of dry matter. Fresh aerial biomass was 783.9±110.7 and 662.9±24.9 kg/ha, dry aerial biomass was 477.6±62.9 and 410.2±15.4 kg/ha, and percentage of dry matter was 64.11±1.82 and 61.47±0.56% in F. dolichophylla and F. humilior, respectively, with F. dolichophylla being the species with the highest production of aerial biomass (p&...

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of N, P and K fertilization on the production of aerial biomass of two native grasses Festuca dolichophylla and Festuca humilior. The experiment was carried out in the SAIS Túpac Amaru, Junín, Peru, at an altitude of 4186 m. The treatments were N, P, K, NPK and a control. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium doses were 36.24, 4.27 and 29.92 kg/ha, respectively. The model of blocks with orthogonal contrasts was used. The variables were: fresh aerial biomass (kg/ha), dry aerial biomass (kg/ha) and percentage of dry matter. Fresh aerial biomass was 783.9±110.7 and 662.9±24.9 kg/ha, dry aerial biomass was 477.6±62.9 and 410.2±15.4 kg/ha, and percentage of dry matter was 64.11±1.82 and 61.47±0.56% in F. dolichophylla and F. humilior, respectively, with F. dolichophylla being the species with the highest production of aerial biomass (p&...

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción Animal

The aim of this study was to compare the growth, biomass accumulation, tillering dynamics and water behavior of Festuca dolichophylla (Presl, 1830) (fedo) and Festuca humilior (Nees y Meyen, 1841) (fehu). The study was carried out in grasslands of good condition in the Peruvian highlands at an altitude of 4186 m. The model included species and month as fixed effects, and age post-plating as a random effect. fedo evidenced a greater height to the flag leaf with 29.66±0.56 cm and volume of grass with 993.88±44.34 cm3, while fehu evidenced a greater proportion of flowering with 35.71±1.84%. Both species had a similar quantity of basal tillers. In March-2016 the highest peak of volumetric soil moisture (20 cm) with 57.37±0.78% was evidenced, while in September 2016 it was the lowest peak with 13.86±0.83%. In December 2016, the highest transpiration peaks were evident with 92-95 mmol m2-...

The aim of this study was to compare the growth, biomass accumulation, tillering dynamics and water behavior of Festuca dolichophylla (Presl, 1830) (fedo) and Festuca humilior (Nees y Meyen, 1841) (fehu). The study was carried out in grasslands of good condition in the Peruvian highlands at an altitude of 4186 m. The model included species and month as fixed effects, and age post-plating as a random effect. fedo evidenced a greater height to the flag leaf with 29.66±0.56 cm and volume of grass with 993.88±44.34 cm3, while fehu evidenced a greater proportion of flowering with 35.71±1.84%. Both species had a similar quantity of basal tillers. In March-2016 the highest peak of volumetric soil moisture (20 cm) with 57.37±0.78% was evidenced, while in September 2016 it was the lowest peak with 13.86±0.83%. In December 2016, the highest transpiration peaks were evident with 92-95 mmol m2-...

The models of growth and allometry of grasslands allow to know growth and development phenomena. Consequently, the aim of this study was to develop a multi-species allometric model to estimate biomass in three grasses in the High Andean Zone of Jauja, Peru, at an altitude of 3600 m above sea level. The native grasses were Festuca dolichophylla (J. Presl) tall (50-90 cm), Festuca humilior (Nees & Meyen) medium (20-35 cm) and Calamagrostis vicugnarum (Weddell) Pilger short (5- 25 cm). The measured variables were biomass (g, YB), basal diameter (cm, XD), canopy diameter (cm, XC) and height (cm, XH). The potential regression was used by choosing the strength of the models by the Akaike criterion (IAC) and the adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2). The multispecies allometric model was Y = 1,238 * XD2,231, due to its lower IAC (383.795) and higher adjusted R2 (85.4%). C. vic...

The models of growth and allometry of grasslands allow to know growth and development phenomena. Consequently, the aim of this study was to develop a multi-species allometric model to estimate biomass in three grasses in the High Andean Zone of Jauja, Peru, at an altitude of 3600 m above sea level. The native grasses were Festuca dolichophylla (J. Presl) tall (50-90 cm), Festuca humilior (Nees & Meyen) medium (20-35 cm) and Calamagrostis vicugnarum (Weddell) Pilger short (5- 25 cm). The measured variables were biomass (g, YB), basal diameter (cm, XD), canopy diameter (cm, XC) and height (cm, XH). The potential regression was used by choosing the strength of the models by the Akaike criterion (IAC) and the adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2). The multispecies allometric model was Y = 1,238 * XD2,231, due to its lower IAC (383.795) and higher adjusted R2 (85.4%). C. vic...