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1
artículo
Publicado 2018
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Introduction: Cat-scratch disease most of the times is described reporting its typical form; systemic forms are rare and they are seldom reported. Cat-scratch disease may have a great variety of presentations, and some of them are quite unusual. This is the very first time that the systemic form is reported in Peru.Clinical case: We present two girls, 5 and 6 years old, hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguin, EsSalud, Arequipa, Peru, who presented with the systemic form of cat scratch disease. Both girls were scratched by kittens without developing a characteristic local reaction, and they presented with prolonged fever, malaise, anorexia, headache, abdominal pain, lymph node enlargement, liver and spleen involvement, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high levels of C-reactive protein, leukocytosis, left shift, slightly elevated ...
2
artículo
Publicado 2018
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Introduction: Cat-scratch disease most of the times is described reporting its typical form; systemic forms are rare and they are seldom reported. Cat-scratch disease may have a great variety of presentations, and some of them are quite unusual. This is the very first time that the systemic form is reported in Peru.Clinical case: We present two girls, 5 and 6 years old, hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguin, EsSalud, Arequipa, Peru, who presented with the systemic form of cat scratch disease. Both girls were scratched by kittens without developing a characteristic local reaction, and they presented with prolonged fever, malaise, anorexia, headache, abdominal pain, lymph node enlargement, liver and spleen involvement, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high levels of C-reactive protein, leukocytosis, left shift, slightly elevated ...
3
artículo
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the fertilizing properties of guano were rediscovered, in order to extract this product it was necessary to have labor, which encouraged the migration of Chinese workers to Peru. When their arrival coincided with the appearance of yellow fever, the prejudice was formed that they had introduced the disease to the country through miasmas. When a strong yellow fever epidemic broke out at the beginning of 1868, the Peruvian State put into practice a series of policies that sought to curb the advance of evil, these policies were applied with great emphasis on the Puerto del Callao, due to the fact that here anchored ships with Asian crew, which made it a powerful source of infection. These policies consisted, for example, of passing inspection to ships arriving at the port, and in the case of any of these suspects of carrying the disease, send the...
4
artículo
Publicado 2008
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Introduction: Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium sporozoites. Peruvian National Regulations for Malaria and Severe Malaria state that active surveillance of febrile patients is the main activity to perform, since it allows early case detection.Objective: To determine the usefulness of fever as a clinical predictor for malaria in endemic areas of Loreto; sensitivity and specificity of fever were also assessed.Material and Method: We prospectively included 400 febrile patients who presented to the Malaria Program at Loreto Regional Hospital from October to December 2002.Results: We found a 42.1% sensitivity (95% CI: 31.6-53.3), 62.7% specificity (95% CI: 57.3-67.7), 20.9% positive predictive value (95% CI: 15.2-28.0), 82.2% negative predictive value 82.2 (95% CI: 76.9-86.5), 58,8% accuracy (95% IC: 53,9-63,5). Fever (axillary temperature > 37,5 degrees Celsius...
5
artículo
Publicado 2008
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Introduction: Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium sporozoites. Peruvian National Regulations for Malaria and Severe Malaria state that active surveillance of febrile patients is the main activity to perform, since it allows early case detection.Objective: To determine the usefulness of fever as a clinical predictor for malaria in endemic areas of Loreto; sensitivity and specificity of fever were also assessed.Material and Method: We prospectively included 400 febrile patients who presented to the Malaria Program at Loreto Regional Hospital from October to December 2002.Results: We found a 42.1% sensitivity (95% CI: 31.6-53.3), 62.7% specificity (95% CI: 57.3-67.7), 20.9% positive predictive value (95% CI: 15.2-28.0), 82.2% negative predictive value 82.2 (95% CI: 76.9-86.5), 58,8% accuracy (95% IC: 53,9-63,5). Fever (axillary temperature > 37,5 degrees Celsius...
6
artículo
Publicado 2015
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The author defines abortion as a controverted pathology due to the various non-biologic components. It has been used since remote times as a resource to regulate fecundity. But the serious complications are still important causes of maternal death, generally as a consequence of severe infection. More than 400 000 induced abortions have been indirectly estimated in Peru, responsible for an important number of deaths due to this cause. Main non-mortal complications of induced abortion are chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, sterility and premature menopause due to oophorectomy. The severity of infection in induced abortion done in adverse conditions frequently causes multiple organic compromise, its therapy depending in the pregnant woman’s health and in the severity of the bacteria or bacteriae involved. Once septic abortion is diagnosed treatment should be in a hospital with resolu...
7
artículo
Publicado 2015
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The author defines abortion as a controverted pathology due to the various non-biologic components. It has been used since remote times as a resource to regulate fecundity. But the serious complications are still important causes of maternal death, generally as a consequence of severe infection. More than 400 000 induced abortions have been indirectly estimated in Peru, responsible for an important number of deaths due to this cause. Main non-mortal complications of induced abortion are chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, sterility and premature menopause due to oophorectomy. The severity of infection in induced abortion done in adverse conditions frequently causes multiple organic compromise, its therapy depending in the pregnant woman’s health and in the severity of the bacteria or bacteriae involved. Once septic abortion is diagnosed treatment should be in a hospital with resolu...
8
artículo
Publicado 2014
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Although most of the bacteria that cause disease in humans adapt to the Kochs postulates. Kochs postulates as the first model had to Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that was first shown to be the cause of an infectious disease, whose life cycle was discovered by Koch. Oroya fever and Peruvian wart on one disease. Peruvian wart is an infection with a characteristic clinical pattern, caused by Bartonella bacilliformis. Recent published studies awarded as the cause of a new Peruvian wart bartonella, the Candidatus Bartonella ancashi. Analyzing research, the proposed causality of B. ancashi is based only on observational evidence: the association of the new bartonella in one patient with a clinical pattern similar to the wart Peruvian and the origin of the patient from an endemic area. With the new B. ancashi has not been investigated whether or not it meets all of Kochs postulates, ...
9
artículo
Publicado 2014
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Although most of the bacteria that cause disease in humans adapt to the Kochs postulates. Kochs postulates as the first model had to Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that was first shown to be the cause of an infectious disease, whose life cycle was discovered by Koch. Oroya fever and Peruvian wart on one disease. Peruvian wart is an infection with a characteristic clinical pattern, caused by Bartonella bacilliformis. Recent published studies awarded as the cause of a new Peruvian wart bartonella, the Candidatus Bartonella ancashi. Analyzing research, the proposed causality of B. ancashi is based only on observational evidence: the association of the new bartonella in one patient with a clinical pattern similar to the wart Peruvian and the origin of the patient from an endemic area. With the new B. ancashi has not been investigated whether or not it meets all of Kochs postulates, ...
10
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Objetivos: Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar los factores que contribuyen a la hipomineralización de molares e incisivos (HMI), con un enfoque en la salud materna durante el embarazo, las complicaciones del parto y los factores de salud y nutrición posnatales en los niños. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal que incluyó encuestas detalladas completadas por las madres sobre su salud durante el embarazo, las experiencias del parto y la historia de salud y nutrición temprana de sus hijos. Se realizaron exámenes clínicos a los niños para diagnosticar HMI según criterios establecidos. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron utilizando IBM SPSS 29.0, incluidas estadísticas descriptivas y análisis de correlación para identificar asociaciones entre la HMI y varios factores de salud materna e infantil. Resultados: El estudio encontró que el 36,7% de las madres ex...
11
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Covid-19 disease shows many different manifestations, from common symptoms affecting both the upper and lower respiratory tract, and also sensorial alterations such as anosmia or taste perversion. Heart valve thrombosis and subsequent endocarditis are extremely rare manifestations and they have been scarcely described within the context of Covid-19. We present a case of a patient that was positive for SARS-Cov-2, who developed Staphylococcus hominis bacteremia. Afterwards, he developed persistent fever, and after ruling out some differential diagnoses, a diagnosis of infective endocarditis affecting a native healthy aortic valve was made, using cardiac ultrasonography. This occurrence was considered to be hospital-acquired.
12
artículo
Publicado 2020
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Covid-19 disease shows many different manifestations, from common symptoms affecting both the upper and lower respiratory tract, and also sensorial alterations such as anosmia or taste perversion. Heart valve thrombosis and subsequent endocarditis are extremely rare manifestations and they have been scarcely described within the context of Covid-19. We present a case of a patient that was positive for SARS-Cov-2, who developed Staphylococcus hominis bacteremia. Afterwards, he developed persistent fever, and after ruling out some differential diagnoses, a diagnosis of infective endocarditis affecting a native healthy aortic valve was made, using cardiac ultrasonography. This occurrence was considered to be hospital-acquired.
13
tesis de grado
Publicado 2023
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Determinar los factores de riesgo para infección de tracto urinario (ITU) por gérmenes productores de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo, en el periodo enero 2014 a febrero 2020. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Investigación observacional, analítica de caso control, retrospectiva, de nivel básico. La muestra comprendió 123 pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados, de ellos 41 casos (con ITU causado por gérmenes productores de BLEE) y 82 controles (con ITU causado por gérmenes no productores de BLEE). Se realizó la prueba Chi-cuadrado, se calculó el Odds Ratio (OR). Se utilizó el programa SPSS 25. RESULTADOS: El Sexo femenino (OR=2.727 [1.207-6.163], p=0.014) y la procedencia urbana (OR=2.852 [1.312-6.20], p=0.007) resultaron factores epidemiológicos de riesgo de ITU por gérmenes productores de BLEE; en lo referente a los...
14
tesis de grado
Publicado 2022
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El dengue es una enfermedad producida por el virus del dengue. En la actualidad existen diversas técnicas que son utilizadas para su diagnóstico, sin embargo, la RT-qPCR permite obtener resultados confiables y rápidos con una alta sensibilidad y especificidad. Además, a diferencia de la prueba ELISA NS1, nos permite identificar los serotipos del DENV. El objetivo del presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional fue diseñar una propuesta para la implementación de la técnica RT-qPCR para la detección molecular temprana del DENV y sus serotipos en el Laboratorio Referencial de Salud Pública – DIRESA JUNÍN. Se revisó la bibliografía disponible sobre los primers y las sondas que están siendo utilizados para el diagnóstico del DENV y sus serotipos. Estas secuencias fueron evaluadas mediante la herramienta “Nucleotide-BLAST” y en base a los resultados obtenidos se propusieron...
15
artículo
Publicado 1919
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In this inaugural lecture, I intend to make the study of a patient, which for us is of greater importance, in that it is a disease that reigns in our mountains as endemic. assume periodic exacerbations presenting characters epidemics, often violent and deadly. Sick of that I will deal has had an attack of typhus. The year 1856, when yellow fever swept our coast, was also developed extensive typhus epidemic in our mountains, which caused heavy casualties. Some professionals, including the British Medical ARCHIBALDO SCMITH, argued that this trans-epidemic, was none other than the yellow fever that had suddenly appeared on our coast. For this reason, we undertook a lively discussion to unravel the nature of the epidemic, being subsequently shown that yellow fever was not only typhus. Unfortunately this error has been perpetuated and many authors of scientific notoriety executed, entered it,...
16
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Monkeypox is a rare disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). This virus can enter the host through different routes, such as the oropharynx, nasopharynx and intradermal routes, among others. In 2022, an outbreak was reported in which the virus seemed to have mutations that would make it spread more efficiently. We present three cases of monkeypox in a family of eight members. Patient 1, a 32-year-old man, presented with a papule under the left eye, which was hatched manually by his wife. He then developed endophthalmitis associated with fever and headache, in addition to nonpainful vesicular pruritic lesions on the extremities and genitalia. He was eventually clinically diagnosed with monkeypox infection. Patient 2, a 27-year-old woman (wife of patient 1), presented with vesicular and pustular lesions on the chest, extremities and anal area six days after exposure through close cont...
17
artículo
Publicado 2007
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Strongyloidiasis, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, is a serious Public Health problem in Peru. We report the case of a two-year-old boy who was admitted at the Instituto Especializado de Salud del Niño in Lima with a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction associated with fifteen days of diarrhea, fever and cough. The histopathological examination of the necrotic tissue of colon showed intestinal neuronal dysplasia. During his hospitalization (12 days later) he presented hypereosinophilia (with 3,460 eosinophils/mm3), cough, fever and abnormal chest x-ray. Five days later, the eosinophil count reached up to 34,286 cells/mm3. One day later, S. stercoralis larvae were found in a direct stool smear. Serology tests for HTLV-1 and HIV were negative. Interestingly, our patient presented microscopic hematuria and high blood pressure during the highest levels of eosinophils in blood, therefore ...
18
artículo
Publicado 2011
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Introduction: In April 2009 an influenza outbreak caused by a new virus, influenza A (H1N1), started in the Mexican-American border. Later this outbreak became pandemic but not as severe as initially thought; immunization programs were developed, and vaccines used led to vaccine adverse events (VAE). Objectives: To assess a possible relationship between spontaneously reported VAE and influenza A H1N1 vaccination in an institute’s healthcare workers. Design: Prospective and descriptive study based on spontaneous notification. Setting: Instituto Nacional de Salud headquarters, Lima, Peru. Participants: Healthcare workers. Methods: Spontaneously notified VAE were recorded in specially designed sheets. An algorithm was used in order to assess a cause-effect relationship. Main outcome measures: Influenza A(H1N1) vaccination adverse events. Results: There were three spontaneous reports in 14...
19
artículo
Publicado 2019
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This article will analyze the traditions «Los polvos de la condesa» and «El resucitado», texts where the traditionalist Ricardo Palma relates the importance given to the properties of quina as a treatment for those suffering from fever probably caused by malaria, as well as the relationship between the so-called «resurrection» of the time and a possible state of catalepsy of unknown etiology.
20
artículo
Publicado 2019
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The Zika Virus (ZIKV) is a virus transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (same as the one transmitting dengue and chikungunya fever). The main way of contagion by the ZIKV is caused by the bite of a mosquito that, after feeding from someone contaminated, can transport the virus throughout its life, transmitting the disease to a population that does not have the immunity. It can also be transmitted through a person’s sexual relationship with ZIKV to their partners, even if the infected person does not have the symptoms of the disease. In this work, we present two mathematical models for the Zika epidemic by using (1) ordinary differential equations and, (2) ordinary differential equations with temporal delay (discrete), which is the time it takes mosquitoes to develop the virus. We make a comparison between the two modeling variants. Computational simulations are performed for Su...
