Cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism due to spider bite Loxosceles laeta in children: associated factors

• Autores: Juárez S., Rosa, Hernández I., Henry, Valderrama P., Aldo
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2023
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs.csi.unmsm:article/24949
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/24949
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Loxosceles laeta; children; risk factors; niños; factores de riesgo

The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism in children due to a Loxosceles laeta spider bite. The research was retrospective, observational and longitudinal. The sample corresponded to all patients under 20 years of age treated at the National Institute of Children's Health (n=74), who were transferred from less complex health facilities in the country with a diagnosis of L. laeta spider bite among the years 2010 to 2018. The categorical variables were contrasted with the Chi square test and Odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Additionally, a multivariate logistic regression was performed to establish possible associations. Results showed 45.9% of patients presented cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism and 54.1% cutaneous loxoscelism. January to March, summertime, were the months with the highest frequency of bites. Most patients came from Lima (58.1%) and Ayacucho (14.9%). Those who presented cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism were bitten on the thorax (88.2%), they came for treatment in less than 23 hours (72.7%), their stay in the hospital was less than 10 days (71.7%) and they were hospitalized in the nephrology service. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism is related to the diagnosis of anemia (OR=19.3). It is concluded that anemia in children is a risk factor for cutaneous-visceral loxoscelism.