Fibre density and density of hair ducts as selection criteria to improve the quality and weight of alpaca fleece

• Autores: Quispe Peña, Edgar Carlos, Rivera Quinto, Rolando, Espinoza Castillo, Marco, Flores Alca, Verónica, Quispe Bonilla, Max, Pablo Mueller, Joaquín
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2023
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs.csi.unmsm:article/25102
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/25102
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: animal breeding; fibre density; fibre diameter; fleece weight; South American Camelids; luxury fibres; densidad de fibras; diámetro de fibras; camélidos sudamericanos; mejoramiento genético animal; fibras especiales; peso de vellón

Improvements in the weight of greasy fleece (GFW) and mean fibre diameter (MED) can favour the income of alpaca producers; however, these variables are directly related, complicating the simultaneous improvement of both characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to find new selection criteria for the simultaneous improvement of both characteristics. The purpose of the study was to characterize the fibre density (FibDen), density of hair ducts (DenDucts) and the fibre/duct ratio and No. of fibres/ducts (Fib/Duct_R) as possible selection criteria. Likewise, determine the type of relationship between them and with GFW and MFD, and construct and evaluate formal selection indices under scenarios with different available measurements, considering in all cases GFW and MFD duly weighted by their economic weights, as selection objectives. For this, fibre samples and skin images were taken, and the GFW of alpacas from four herds raised in Huancavelica and Caylloma, Arequipa, Perú, between 2018 and 2020 were recorded. The density characteristics were obtained through the procedure called Fiber Den, while the FMD was assessed using the FIBER EC, and GFW was recorded using a scale. In the construction of the selection indices for GFW and MFD Hazel's theory of selection indices was applied, considering the values indicated in the bibliography and in the present study. The FibDen, DenDucts and Fib/Ducts_R ranged from 8.8 to 60 fib/mm2, 3.8 to 21.2 ducts/mm2 and 2.0 to 4.3 fib/ducts, respectively. There are hair ducts with up to 8 fibres, the most frequent being ducts with 1, 2 or 3 fibres. It is concluded that FibDen and DenDcuts have a linear and direct relationship with the GFW and inversely with the MFD, and that the inclusion of the FibDen and DenDucts as selection criteria within a selection index would improve the accuracy from 0.53 to 0.63, being able to obtain further progress genetic between 15 and 18%, with better economic benefits than when only GFW and MFD are used.