Maternal and adverse perinatal results associated with pre-managed obesitu in a public hospital in Tacna, 2001-2020: Retrospective cohort study

• Autores: Huanco-Apaza, Diana, Ticona-Huanco, Diana
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2023
• Institución: Sociedad Materno Fetal
• Repositorio: Revista Internacional de Salud Materno Fetal
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs2.ojs.revistamaternofetal.com:article/281
• Enlace del recurso: http://ojs.revistamaternofetal.com/index.php/RISMF/article/view/281
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Obesidad materna; Indice de masa corporal; Resultado del embarazo; Preeclampsia; Macrosomía fetal

Introduction. Obesity in women of reproductive age is on the rise and pregnancy can have negative outcomes for both mother and child.Objetive. To determine the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with pre-pregnancy obesity in women treated for two decades in a public hospital in Tacna, Peru.Materials and methods. Retrospective cohort study, in all mothers and their newborns treated at the Hipólito Unanue de Tacna hospital between 2001 and 2020, with pre-pregnancy height and weight records, single pregnancy and product with birth weight >500 grams. Obesity was evaluated according to body mass index (BMI), maternal pathologies such as preeclampsia, threat of premature labor, premature rupture of membranes, termination by cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean suture dehiscence, prematurity, low birth weight, macrosomia, asphyxia, maternal mortality and perinatal mortality in women with BMI>30 (n=10501) compared with women with BMI 18.5-24, 9 (n=31134). Relative Risk (RR) was used with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) adjusted by maternal age, education and parity, by multiple logistic regression analysis using Stata V.17. The information comes from the database of the Perinatal Information System.Results. The prevalence of pre-pregnancy obesity was 16.4%, increasing from 12.6% in 2001 to 25.1% in 2020. It was significantly associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia (RR: 2.78; 95% CI: 2.45-3 .15), diabetes mellitus (RR: 3.82; 95% CI: 1.82-8.03), urinary tract infection (RR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.25-1.35), polyhydramnios (RR: 2.45; 95%CI: 1.50-3.98), oligohydramnios (RR: 2.54; 95%CI: 2.06-3.14), cesarean delivery (RR: 1.57; 95%CI: 1 .53-1.61), hemorrhage postpartum (RR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.26-3.24), cesarean section suture dehiscence (RR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.63-5.43) and fetal macrosomia (RR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.94-2.16).Conclusions. Maternal obesity in the Tacna public hospital was high and doubled in twenty years and is associated with a higher risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.