Factors Associated with Knowledge about Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among Women of Reproductive Age, ENDES 2022–2023

• Autores: Carreño Hilares , Andrea Gianella Angela, Luna Muñoz, Consuelo del Rocío
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal
• Repositorio: Revista Peruana de Investigación Materno Perinatal
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:investigacionmaternoperinatal.inmp.gob.pe:article/501
• Enlace del recurso: https://investigacionmaternoperinatal.inmp.gob.pe/index.php/rpinmp/article/view/501
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Transmisión vertical de enfermedad infecciosa; VIH; mujeres; educación; determinantes sociales de la salud; Infectious disease transmission; vertical; Women; Education; Social determinants of health

Introduction: In Peru, vertical transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists, and unequal maternal knowledge limits prevention. Objective: To determine the factors associated with knowledge about mother-to-child transmission of HIV among Peruvian women of reproductive age. Materials and Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted based on secondary data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) 2022–2023. Sociodemographic variables included age, educational level, wealth index, place of residence, and access to health insurance. Frequencies were compared, and the Rao-Scott chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance were applied to estimate PRa with their 95% CIs; a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Only 1.4% of women reported complete knowledge of vertical HIV transmission. Such knowledge was higher among women older than 29 years (PRa=2.78; 95%CI: 2.12–3.64; p<0.001), those with higher education (PRa=4.85; 95%CI: 2.00–11.75; p<0.001), those in higher wealth quintiles (PRa=1.38; 95%CI: 1.08–1.78; p=0.012), and those with health insurance (PRa=1.24; 95%CI: 1.00–1.52; p=0.045). In contrast, younger women aged 18–29 years (PRa=1.84; 95%CI: 1.36–2.40; p<0.001), those with lower education (PRa=1.26 for primary; 95%CI: 0.51–3.09; p=0.612), and those in disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions (PRa=1.15; 95%CI: 0.92–1.42; p=0.22) presented lower levels of knowledge. Conclusions: Knowledge about mother-to-child transmission of HIV among Peruvian women is limited and influenced by sociodemographic factors. Strengthening educational and health strategies focused on vulnerable populations is essential to effectively prevent vertical transmission.