More child abuse cases are reported in Peru every year; however, there is no official report that describes the actual incidence, especially of the most vulnerable population such as infants. Signs of physical abuse generally involve brain injury and constitute shaken baby syndrome or pediatric abusive head trauma, which is a challenging diagnostic challenge. A 3-month-old infant is admitted to the emergency room for 30-minute generalized tonic-clonic seizures. On physical examination, the presence of a bony callus on the right clavicle was striking. A brain tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were performed, showing hyperintense lesions in the white matter, non-contrast enhancers, limited diffusion, and a bilateral subdural collection. Together, a bone survey was taken, which revealed multiple fractures in different areas of the body and suspecting the case of child abuse, so...

Introduction: In Peru, vertical transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) persists, and unequal maternal knowledge limits prevention. Objective: To determine the factors associated with knowledge about mother-to-child transmission of HIV among Peruvian women of reproductive age. Materials and Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted based on secondary data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) 2022–2023. Sociodemographic variables included age, educational level, wealth index, place of residence, and access to health insurance. Frequencies were compared, and the Rao-Scott chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance were applied to estimate PRa with their 95% CIs; a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Only 1.4% of women reported complete knowledge of vertical...