ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE CONOCIMIENTO SOBRE ANEMIA Y HÁBITOS ALIMENTARIOSEN GESTANTES DE CENTRO MATERNO INFANTIL, 2023

• Autores: Chipana Portella, Álvaro André, Llanos Tejada, Félix Konrad
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal
• Repositorio: Revista Peruana de Investigación Materno Perinatal
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:investigacionmaternoperinatal.inmp.gob.pe:article/493
• Enlace del recurso: https://investigacionmaternoperinatal.inmp.gob.pe/index.php/rpinmp/article/view/493
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Iron-deficiency anemia; Pregnancy; Dietary habits; Knowledge; Health promotion; Anemia ferropénica; Embarazo; Hábitos alimentarios; Conocimiento; Promoción de la salud

Introduction. Gestational anemia compromises maternal and perinatal health and may be influenced by pregnant women’s nutritional knowledge. Objectives. To determine the association between the level of knowledge about anemia and dietary habits among pregnant women in Lima. Methods. Observational, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted at the Maternal and Child Health Center Villa María del Triunfo in 2023. A total of 164 pregnant women were selected through simple random sampling. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge about anemia (high, medium, low), and a Likert-type scale was applied to evaluate dietary habits (adequate, moderately adequate, inadequate). Sociodemographic variables included age, marital status, education level, occupation, place of residence, and parity. Chi-square and Student’s t tests were applied. Associations were estimated using prevalence ratios (PR) with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) and p-value. Statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. Informed consent and international ethical principles were ensured. Results. A total of 34.1 % of pregnant women showed inadequate dietary habits. Prevalence was higher among primigravidae (PR = 1.81; 95 % CI: 1.05 – 3.13; p = 0.032), rural residents (PR = 1.60; 95 % CI: 1.14 – 2.25; p = 0.007), and women with low knowledge about anemia (PR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.47 – 4.37; p = 0.001). No significant association was found with age, education level, occupation, or marital status. Conclusion. Low knowledge about anemia is associated with inadequate dietary habits. Strengthening nutritional education in primary care is recommended to reduce maternal and perinatal risks.