Effectiveness of a nutritional education intervention on anemia in pregnant women at the first level of care

• Autores: Altamirano Jara, Ezequiel, Ocaña Gutiérrez, Víctor Raúl, González Ramírez , Rodolfo Arturo, Ocaña Aguilar , Victor Alexander, González Guerra, Betty Alessandra, Ocaña Aguilar , Nadia Gabriela
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Sociedad Peruana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
• Repositorio: Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia
• Lenguaje: español; inglés
• OAI Identifier: oai:ginecologiayobstetricia.pe:article/2688
• Enlace del recurso: https://ginecologiayobstetricia.pe/index.php/RPGO/article/view/2688
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Food and nutrition education; ferropenic Anemia; iron deficiency; Pregnancy; Feeding behavior; Educación alimentaria y nutricional; Anemia ferropénica; Embarazo; Conducta alimentaria

Objective: To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on factors associatedwith anemia in pregnant women at the first level of care. Methodology: The researchcorresponds to the applied, quasi-experimental type, which seeks to evaluatethe impact of an educational intervention with follow-up in subsequent prenatalcontrols on the use of iron-rich foods, complementary to routine iron and folic acidsupplementation. The variation in the consumption of iron-rich foods, hemoglobinlevel and anemia in pregnant women attended at P.S Gerardo González Villegas I-2Tumbes, 2022 was evaluated prospectively. An experimental cohort of a sample of200 cases and 100 controls was prospectively studied. Results: Before the educationalintervention, there was similarity in age (14-42 years) and in urban and rural originin pregnant women of cases and controls. With the educational intervention it waspossible to improve the consumption of foods rich in iron in pregnant women,increase the level of hemoglobin and significantly decrease the incidence of anemiawith an efficacy of 61.7% in the population of controls and cases non-intervened and92.5% only in the population of intervened cases; also, the prevalence of anemia(p<0.05). Conclusions: The impact of the educational intervention developed waspositive, because it managed to increase the cognitive level and practices of pregnantwomen for the prevention of anemia during pregnancy, evidencing changes ineating behavior, improving their nutrition and hemoglobin level, and significantlypreventing anemia.