Diagnóstico y tratamiento de trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo

• Autores: Pacheco Galindo, Daniela de la Nube, Tsenkush-Chamik, Etsa Robinson
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2026
• Institución: Fundación Instituto Hipólito Unanue
• Repositorio: Diagnóstico
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe:article/633
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistadiagnostico.fihu.org.pe/index.php/diagnostico/article/view/633
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Pre-eclampsia; eclampsia; hypertension; maternal health; Preeclampsia; hipertensión salud materna

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, especially preeclampsia, represent a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This comprehensive review explores the epidemiology, classification, diagnosis, and management of these conditions. The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy varies by geographic region, beinghighest in developing countries. Risk factors such as advanced maternal age, obesity, preexisting diabetes, family history of preeclampsia, and multiple pregnancy significantly increase the risk. The main hypertensive disorders of pregnancy aredescribed, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, preeclampsia with severe features, eclampsia, chronic hypertension, and superimposed preeclampsia. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, such as elevated blood pressure and proteinuria, and may require additional laboratory tests to assess liver and kidney function. Management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy depends on the severity of the disease and gestational age. The main goal is to prevent maternal and fetal complications and to ensure a favorable maternal and neonatal outcome. Treatment may include pharmacological measures to control blood pressure, close fetal monitoring, and in some cases, premature delivery.