Objective: To assess the association between ethnicity and self-reported refractive errors (REs) among Peruvian children aged 7–11 years. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study incorporating a secondary data analysis of 2017–2021 data from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). REs and ethnicity were obtained from focal child's mother's report. Four outcomes were assessed: hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and any RE. We included potential confounders, such as age, sex, wealth index, area of residence, region of origin, frequency of watching TV and watching screens at less than 30 cm distance. Generalised linear models with the Poisson family and log link function were used to calculate crude prevalence ratio and adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: Data from a total of 52,753 children were included. The prevale...

Propósito: Evaluar la asociación entre el uso de dispositivos digitales y la prevalencia de defectos refractivos en niños peruanos de 3 a 11 años. Métodos: Realizamos un análisis de base de datos secundaria de la DHS-Perú en dos momentos (2014 y 2018) y realizamos un estudio transversal analítico retrospectivo. Realizamos un modelo lineal generalizado para calcular las razones de prevalencia, teniendo en cuenta el diseño muestral complejo. Resultados: La prevalencia del uso de dispositivos digitales a una distancia menor a 30 centímetros fue de 17,91% (2014) y 24,11% (2018), y los errores refractivos fueron de 5,91% (2014) y 6,73% (2018). Aproximadamente el 9,3 % y el 9,5 % de los niños que usaron dispositivos digitales reportaron un error refractivo en 2014 y 2018, respectivamente. Los niños que usaron dispositivos digitales en 2014 tenían 1,212 veces más probabilidades de...

Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the world, especially among young people. This study is relevant to policy makers because it expands the knowledge regarding drug use in vulnerable youth, al-lowing health authorities to reduce marijuana consumption via educa-tional, family, and governmental strategies and policies. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of frequent marijuana consumption and its associated factors in young people before admission to juvenile detention centers in Peru. The data was taken from the 2016 National Population Census of the Youth Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Centers in Peru. The final sample was made up of 1,848 people with ages between 14 and 22 years old, with a median age of 17 (95.6% males). The variable frequent marijuana consumption was de-fined as the use of marijuana at least once a week, prior to entering the cente...