En los últimos años, la literatura ha analizado la relación entre las habilidades cognitivas y no cognitivas y los resultados del mercado laboral. Más aún, se ha estudiado la correlación entre diferencias en estas habilidades y diferencias en salarios entre hombres y mujeres, pero la mayoría de los estudios en torno al tema se han enfocado en países desarrollados. El principal objetivo de este estudio es analizar el rol de las habilidades cognitivas y no cognitivas en la brecha salarial de género en el Perú. Para ello, proponemos utilizar información longitudinal de medidas de habilidad para estimar componentes inobservables (latentes) de ambas habilidades y analizar el rol de dichos componentes en el salario. Los resultados indican que existe una brecha salarial de género significativa en el Perú y que la misma puede ser explicada por diferencias en el retorno de habilidade...

In the last decade, access to higher education in Peru has increased substantially. On the other hand, the proportion of children and adolescents with adequate knowledge to their grade, reflected in learning tests, remains low and has made little progress. What has happened then with the skills of entrants to higher education? This research uses information of a novel survey that measures skills of several generations, and a difference-in-differences evaluation methodology to show some evidence of deterioration in the average level of cognitive skills of higher education students admitted in the past decade. The lower average level of selectivity in the system has helped this process, as access to private universities has gained preponderance. These results reveal that the lower skills of the last generations of students are one of the reasons for the deterioration of the quality of the ...

In the last decade, access to higher education in Peru has increased substantially. On the other hand, the proportion of children and adolescents with adequate knowledge to their grade, reflected in learning tests, remains low and has made little progress. What has happened then with the skills of entrants to higher education? This research uses information of a novel survey that measures skills of several generations, and a difference-in-differences evaluation methodology to show some evidence of deterioration in the average level of cognitive skills of higher education students admitted in the past decade. The lower average level of selectivity in the system has helped this process, as access to private universities has gained preponderance. These results reveal that the lower skills of the last generations of students are one of the reasons for the deterioration of the quality of the ...