Wetlands are globally valuable ecosystems, mainly because they provide ecosystem services. In Peru, these ecosystems are governed by regulations that have been in place for the last 60 years. However, these have not been critically assessed to date. This paper compiles and analyzes the regulations related to Peruvian wetlands, evaluating the penalties they impose and their consistency with the legal systems protecting these areas. As a result, 44 documents were found, which include laws (13), decrees (11), resolutions (8), strategies (6), regulations (3), protocol (1), declaration (1) and the constitution. Eighty-five percent of these documents (37) do not set forth any sanctions; seven established penalties. Among the latter, we find penalties punishing pollution (4 documents), overexploitation of resources (3), poor management (3), accumulation of debris (1), the presence of drains (1)...

Wetlands are globally valuable ecosystems, mainly because they provide ecosystem services. In Peru, these ecosystems are governed by regulations that have been in place for the last 60 years. However, these have not been critically assessed to date. This paper compiles and analyzes the regulations related to Peruvian wetlands, evaluating the penalties they impose and their consistency with the legal systems protecting these areas. As a result, 44 documents were found, which include laws (13), decrees (11), resolutions (8), strategies (6), regulations (3), protocol (1), declaration (1) and the constitution. Eighty-five percent of these documents (37) do not set forth any sanctions; seven established penalties. Among the latter, we find penalties punishing pollution (4 documents), overexploitation of resources (3), poor management (3), accumulation of debris (1), the presence of drains (1)...

Wetlands are globally valuable ecosystems, mainly because they provide ecosystem services. In Peru, these ecosystems are governed by regulations that have been in place for the last 60 years. However, these have not been critically assessed to date. This paper compiles and analyzes the regulations related to Peruvian wetlands, evaluating the penalties they impose and their consistency with the legal systems protecting these areas. As a result, 44 documents were found, which include laws (13), decrees (11), resolutions (8), strategies (6), regulations (3), protocol (1), declaration (1) and the constitution. Eighty-five percent of these documents (37) do not set forth any sanctions; seven established penalties. Among the latter, we find penalties punishing pollution (4 documents), overexploitation of resources (3), poor management (3), accumulation of debris (1), the presence of drains (1)...