Objective We examined the ability of anthropometric measures to predict the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Peruvian adults. Methods Participants were 1,815 Peruvian adults. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI) and Visceral Adiposity Index were examined. MetS components were defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios of MetS and MetS components in relation to increases in anthropometric measures. Receiver operating characteristic curves (and area under the curve) were calculated to compare each measure’s power to predict MetS and MetS components. Results BRI performed similar to or better than BMI and WC at predicting MetS and MetS components. ABSI underperformed other measures. In men, the odds of M...