Vitivinicultural residues represent an abundant source of lignocellulosic biomass which, when transformed by the action of yeasts and enzymes, can modify edaphic conditions and have implications for the ecology of phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes. The objective of the study was to describe yeasts and enzymes from vitivinicultural residues in relation to helminthology in agricultural soils. A descriptive, observational, and exploratory study was conducted between March and June 2025. Twenty-four samples of grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) were collected from the “El Campano” winery. The residues were subjected to alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis, as well as fermentation with yeasts. The presence of fungal species was recorded using conventional microbiological techniques, and the activity of hydrolytic enzymes was determined through qualitative plate assays. A descriptive ana...

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la toxicidad dada la exposición a cianuros en efluentes y relaves mineros auríferos, Concesión Minera Ana María 5 en Ananea, Puno-Perú. Para ello, se realizó durante los períodos de estiaje y lluvia, determinación de la concentración por cianuro libre para los efluentes y relaves, así como cianuro disociable con ácido débil para los efluentes. La evaluación de la concentración de cianuro libre se realizó mediante el método del nitrato de plata, mientras que el cianuro disociado con ácido débil, fue a través del método por ácido pícrico. Se realizó un bioensayo de toxicidad letal aguda (CL50) por exposición a cianuro libre en efluentes como relaves utilizando Eisenia andrei como biomodelo de experimentación. Con las concentraciones de cianuros y la toxicidad letal aguda se estimó el riesgo ambiental mediante e...

Vitivinicultural residues constitute a lignocellulosic biomass that, when transformed by yeasts and enzymes, can modify soil conditions and influence the ecology of soil helminths. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and biological parameters of vitivinicultural residues and describe their potential effects on soil helminths. The research was descriptive, observational, and exploratory, conducted between March and June 2025 in the laboratories of the Professional School of Agroindustrial Engineering at the Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Peru. Twenty-four samples of grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) were analyzed after treatments involving alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and yeast fermentation. The results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis yielded the highest pH (6.0), temperature (60 °C), reducing sugars (34.6 g/L), and ethanol (25%), generating l...

The study analyzed the environmental epidemiological risk of arsenic in the Moquegua region, Peru, between January and August 2025. A descriptive study design was applied, and a total of 50 environmental samples were collected, including water, soil, bovine milk, and cattle hair, from the watersheds of the Coralaque River (General Sánchez Cerro province) and the Tambo River (Mariscal Nieto province). Arsenic concentrations were determined by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS). The results showed mean concentrations of 0.123 ± 0.015 mg/L in the Coralaque River and 0.095 ± 0.012 mg/L in the Tambo River, exceeding the regulatory limit (0.010 mg/L) by 9.5 to 12.3 times. In agricultural soil from the Torata Valley, arsenic levels of 22.8 ± 3.7 mg/kg were detected, while bovine milk and cattle hair presented 0.0916 ± 0.046 mg/kg and 0.9616 ± 0.53 mg/kg, respectivel...