Objective: To describe the characteristics of physicians who conduct scientific research in Peru who are registered in RENACYT (Peruvian National Researcher Network). Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed using the Researcher Registry at the National System of Science, Technology, and Technological Innovation, the National Registry of Academic Degrees and Professional Titles, and the database of the Peruvian Medical Association (PMA). We included sociodemographic, academic, and job variables, and a bivariate analysis was performed according to the physician's place of registration and gender. Results: We evaluated 723 physicians, representing 10.5% of the total number of researchers and 0.75% of qualified physicians registered in the PMA. Most were registered in Lima (74.41%), 56.85% had a master’s degree, and 28.49% had a PhD degree. According...