Intradural-intramedullary intervertebral disc extrusion (IIVDE) is a subtype of herniation of the hydrated nucleus pulposus and occurs after extreme exercise or traumatic events. IIVDE is a rare condition, and its diagnosis can be complex since its clinical characteristics and images are poorly characterized. The case of a six-month-old Schnauzer who suffered a fall from a height of two stories is reported. The patient developed spastic tetraplegia and was diagnosed as a fourth-degree acute cervical spinal cord injury. The radiographic and computed tomography studies only reported a simple fracture in the vertebral body of C3. The magnetic resonance study reported intramedullary linear tracts, parenchymal lesions and reduced disc volume in C3-C4. The clinical condition and its evolution, as well as the imaging findings were compatible with IIVDE.

Haemangiosarcoma is a malignant tumour of vascular origin and it is the most frequent of cardiac tumours in dogs. It is presented the case of a 8-year old Rottweiler dog with dyspnea, pale mucous and intolerance to exercise. Cardiac sounds were slightly perceptible with decreased femoral pulse. Lab tests showed thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney failure. Radiographic and echography tests were carried out identifying only pericardial effusion and cardiac obstruction. Pericardiocentesis was performed which cytology study was compatible with bloodstained serum exudate. A computerized axial tomography in thorax only detected enlargement of the right atrium. A right lateral thoracotomy was performed, identifying a neoplastic mass in the right atrium and several metastatic nodules in lungs and pericardium. The histopathological study diagnosed a primary cardiac hemangiosarcoma in the right atr...

The case of a 9-year-old Schnauzer male canine with a history of lack of appetite, lethargy and exercise intolerance is reported. Echocardiography was performed identifying pericardial effusion and a neoplastic mass in the pericardium. The patient presented cardiac tamponade, which was treated with pericardiocentesis. Once the patient was stabilized, a subphrenic partial pericardiectomy was performed, removing the neoplastic mass. The histopathological diagnosis was pleomorphic pericardial rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient had a survival time of 10 weeks. For the present case, the surgical management provided sustained clinical improvement and contributed to the diagnostic process.  

The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the clinical and tomographic diagnosis in dogs with brain and spine illnesses. An analytical retrospective observational study was carried out, evaluating 196 clinical histories and tomographic reports of veterinary clinics in Metropolitan Lima during the period 2009-2015. This included 76 brain and 120 spinal tomography scans. Of the total of patients, 113 were males (58%) and 83 females (42%) and 120 cases (61.2%) corresponded to purebreds. The main diseases diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography (CT) were thoracolumbar hernia, canine epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and cervical hernia. The clinical diagnosis was related to the presence of a pathology diagnosed by CT using the kappa index and the concordance was classified as poor (k = 0.38). It is concluded that the presumptive clinical diagnosis and CT have very low con...

An 8-month-old male American Bully dog was brought to the clinic for an abnormal structure in the ventral region on the left side of the jaw. On palpation, enlargement of the left mandibular ramus was identified, with pain when opening the mouth. In blood biochemistry, alkaline phosphatase and serum phosphorus increased considerably. X-rays identified a marked proliferation of the periosteum with soft tissue invasion in the mandible. Computed tomography ruled out temporomandibular disorders. Treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was administered orally, allowing the patient to eat without discomfort two weeks after the start of treatment. The clinical, imaging and histopathology evidence was compatible with a case of craniomandibular osteopathy in a non-predisposed breed.

El hemangiosarcoma es un tumor maligno de origen vascular y es el más frecuente de los tumores cardiacos de los canes. Se presenta el caso de un perro de raza Rottweiler de ocho años de edad, que presentó disnea, mucosas pálidas e intolerancia al ejercicio. A la auscultación cardiaca, los sonidos fueron levemente audibles y el pulso femoral disminuido. Los exámenes de laboratorio evidenciaron trombocitopenia e insuficiencia renal aguda. Se realizaron radiografías y ecografías, diagnosticándose hidropericardio y taponamiento cardiaco. Se realizó una pericardiocentesis, cuyo estudio citológico fue compatible con exudado serosanguinolento. La tomografía axial computarizada del tórax solo identificó aumento de tamaño de la aurícula derecha. Se realizó una toracotomía lateral derecha, identificándose una masa de tipo neoplásica en la aurícula derecha, así como nódulos m...

The case of a 9-year-old Schnauzer male canine with a history of lack of appetite, lethargy and exercise intolerance is reported. Echocardiography was performed identifying pericardial effusion and a neoplastic mass in the pericardium. The patient presented cardiac tamponade, which was treated with pericardiocentesis. Once the patient was stabilized, a subphrenic partial pericardiectomy was performed, removing the neoplastic mass. The histopathological diagnosis was pleomorphic pericardial rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient had a survival time of 10 weeks. For the present case, the surgical management provided sustained clinical improvement and contributed to the diagnostic process.  

The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the clinical and tomographic diagnosis in dogs with brain and spine illnesses. An analytical retrospective observational study was carried out, evaluating 196 clinical histories and tomographic reports of veterinary clinics in Metropolitan Lima during the period 2009-2015. This included 76 brain and 120 spinal tomography scans. Of the total of patients, 113 were males (58%) and 83 females (42%) and 120 cases (61.2%) corresponded to purebreds. The main diseases diagnosed clinically and by computed tomography (CT) were thoracolumbar hernia, canine epilepsy, hydrocephalus, and cervical hernia. The clinical diagnosis was related to the presence of a pathology diagnosed by CT using the kappa index and the concordance was classified as poor (k = 0.38). It is concluded that the presumptive clinical diagnosis and CT have very low con...

The objective of this study was to characterize spine injuries in dogs by computed tomography. The tomographic diagnoses were related to the demographic characteristics of dogs under study (sex, size, breed, and age). A total of 79 tomographic diagnoses were evaluated between June 2010 and July 2014. The results showed a greater frequency of lesions in males of defined breed, medium size and in the age group of 4-7 years. Twentytwo tomographic diagnoses were obtained, the most frequent being medial disc herniation (32.8%, 26/79) and laminar calcification of the dural sac (11.4%, 9/79). A total of 115 lesions were identified in the spine, the lower spine being more affected (48.7%, 56/115). At the level of the intervertebral spaces, the thoracic region T12-T13 presented the largest number of lesions (14%, 16/115), especially discopathies.

The aim of this study was to determine encephalic lesions by computed tomography (CT scan) in 71 dogs that were submitted to the encephalic study by medical recommendation between 2011 and 2015 in Lima, Peru. The tomographic diagnoses were related to the sex, age, size and breed of the patients. Thirty-eight positive tomographic diagnoses of brain injury were identified (53.5%). The most frequent positive age group to brain injury was between 1 and 7 years and in medium-size dogs. The most frequent diagnosed lesions were ventricular dilation (29%, 11/38), brain neoformations (15.8%, 6/38) and hydrocephalus (15.8%, 6/38). Ventricular dilation occurred more frequently between 1 and 7 years and in Maltese and Poodle breeds, brain neoformations in dogs older than 7 years and in the Labrador breed, while hydrocephalus in dogs between 1 and 7 years old, mostly in Chihuahua and Pug.  

The objective of this study was to characterize spine injuries in dogs by computed tomography. The tomographic diagnoses were related to the demographic characteristics of dogs under study (sex, size, breed, and age). A total of 79 tomographic diagnoses were evaluated between June 2010 and July 2014. The results showed a greater frequency of lesions in males of defined breed, medium size and in the age group of 4-7 years. Twentytwo tomographic diagnoses were obtained, the most frequent being medial disc herniation (32.8%, 26/79) and laminar calcification of the dural sac (11.4%, 9/79). A total of 115 lesions were identified in the spine, the lower spine being more affected (48.7%, 56/115). At the level of the intervertebral spaces, the thoracic region T12-T13 presented the largest number of lesions (14%, 16/115), especially discopathies.

The aim of this study was to determine encephalic lesions by computed tomography (CT scan) in 71 dogs that were submitted to the encephalic study by medical recommendation between 2011 and 2015 in Lima, Peru. The tomographic diagnoses were related to the sex, age, size and breed of the patients. Thirty-eight positive tomographic diagnoses of brain injury were identified (53.5%). The most frequent positive age group to brain injury was between 1 and 7 years and in medium-size dogs. The most frequent diagnosed lesions were ventricular dilation (29%, 11/38), brain neoformations (15.8%, 6/38) and hydrocephalus (15.8%, 6/38). Ventricular dilation occurred more frequently between 1 and 7 years and in Maltese and Poodle breeds, brain neoformations in dogs older than 7 years and in the Labrador breed, while hydrocephalus in dogs between 1 and 7 years old, mostly in Chihuahua and Pug.