El presente artículo busca presentar las implicancias que tiene la instrucción en el proceso educativo tanto en un nivel epistemológico como ideológico pues, como veremos, la transmisión de saberes encierra una serie de supuestos que anulan la participación crítica del docente si es que ellos no son aclarados o puestos en cuestión antes de ser convertidos en material de enseñanza en las escuelas. Veremos que la instrucción supone una actitud frente al conocimiento ya sea en su forma de adquirirla, trasmitirla o simplemente concebirla dentro de ese mismo proceso. Supone de igual forma una visión del mundo, de la realidad social y cultural y, por tanto, de lo que se necesita como individuo. Al no entender esto, la instrucción se convierte muchas veces en un elemento central en la educación tradicional, pues implicará no solo la imposición de un saber que se cree objetivo e i...

The paper will discuss the nature of philosophy teaching in what has been called Augusto Salazar Bondy Education and the philosophy of the crisis. The plight of Peruvian culture, as exemplified by education and a philosophy decontextualized unproductive, leads the philosopher to emphasize the importance of both manifestations of our culture, education and philosophy, are formulated in terms of the crisis, analyzing the causes of it and served in the horizon of a new culture. The teaching of philosophy must respond to this context having as its goal for those involved in it are able to reflect and act real. It is necessary therefore to determine the characteristics that must assume the teaching of philosophy taking into account the processes of personalization and socialization that involves all education, and their inclusion in what has been called Salazar Bondy raised education.

En el presente ensayo el autor propone establecer el paralelismo y conexiones entre la educación y la ciencia, intentando demostrar la necesidad que tenemos de establecer relaciones más profundas y reflexivas con ella, sin limitarnos simplemente a que la escuela sea un reproductor de contenidos o productos científicos determinados. De la misma manera, intenta demostrar la importancia que tiene el dogma como un modo didáctico por excelencia, así como su importancia en el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes, entendiendo de esta forma a la educación como un ejercicio de la racionalidad y la crítica, capaz de promover un espíritu de resistencia en el ámbito de la ciencia y la cultura.

This review article addresses various training experiences in the world's educational systems based on a cooperative learning strategy: structured academic controversy (SAC) between the years 2001-2021, with the main objective of identifying the main advantages it offers to manage controversial discussions in recent decades. A bibliometric and hermeneutical analysis of the main results documented in different research articles on the SAC is presented, as well as the reflections generated around the guidelines, resources and conditions necessary for its implementation, in order to train students of different levels in the exercise of citizenship and democratic coexistence. The results are auspicious: 77% of the articles consulted assume the SAC as a text-based discussion; 62% consider that it develops cognitive skills such as multiperspectivism; 54% consider that it encourages critical th...

Self-efficacy in students plays an essential role in their integral development, both in their training and in the academic field, particularly in relation to the confidence they have in their own abilities to communicate orally in different social contexts. The present research aims to demonstrate that the cooperative strategy called Structured Academic Controversy (CAE) favors the development of communicative self-efficacy in students of secondary level of Regular Basic Education in Peru. For this, a study was carried out with a quasi-experimental design, considering a specific sample of students (n=58), to whom a survey was applied to measure their level of oral communicative self-efficacy. Subsequently, the impact of the methodological strategy on the experimental group was analyzed in comparison with the control group. The findings showed a significant difference between both groups...

Self-efficacy in students plays an essential role in their integral development, both in their training and in the academic field, particularly in relation to the confidence they have in their own abilities to communicate orally in different social contexts. The present research aims to demonstrate that the cooperative strategy called Structured Academic Controversy (CAE) favors the development of communicative self-efficacy in students of secondary level of Regular Basic Education in Peru. For this, a study was carried out with a quasi-experimental design, considering a specific sample of students (n=58), to whom a survey was applied to measure their level of oral communicative self-efficacy. Subsequently, the impact of the methodological strategy on the experimental group was analyzed in comparison with the control group. The findings showed a significant difference between both groups...

El desarrollo de las distintas competencias ciudadanas de corte cognitivo, emocional, comunicativo e integral resulta un reto constante en los sistemas universitarios del mundo al querer ofrecer no sólo una formación especializada de una rama del conocimiento, sino también garantizar una educación integral de corte ciudadano. La investigación se trazó como objetivo determinar la incidencia positiva de la Estrategia de Discusión Controversial (EDC) en la mejora de las competencias ciudadanas de los estudiantes de pregrado de Estudios Generales de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada y de diseño cuasi experimental, en el que se estudió una muestra de 74 estudiantes, reunidos en grupos de control y experimental, a los que se aplicó un cuestionario de competencias ciudadanas y, en el caso del grupo experime...