Las interacciones farmacológicas (IF) son un problema frecuente en los adultos mayores y son una causa importante de fracaso en la atención médica de las diferentes y múltiples patologías que usualmente padecen este grupo etario. Sin embargo, la frecuencia no está bien reportada, en particular en escenarios de atención primaria del Perú. Aunque existen diferentes factores asociados, estos varían según los diseños de los estudios. Con el objetivo de evaluar la frecuencia y los factores asociados a las IF en pacientes adultos mayores atendidos en centros de atención primaria del seguro social de Lima durante el 2024, se ha diseñado un estudio analítico transversal, donde se recogerán datos de 302 pacientes adscritos a los siguientes centros: CAP III Próceres de San Juan de Miraflores, Policlínico Juan José Rodríguez Lazo, CAP III San Isidro y Policlínico Santa Cruz. Se ...

The integrative approach to care for patients demands training to evaluate frequent chronic problems in the outpatient clinic. Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and asthma can be approach using models of evaluations such as the TOPIC that allows to order the evaluations in a structured sequence of four mayor tasks: processing of the information, development of an adequate physician-patient-family relationship and integrating information and learning for life. Processing information implies four sub-activities in which we evaluate patient´s expectations and concerns, severity and control of conditions, adherence and side effects of treatments focusing on damage to target organs and comorbidities. Applying this model can help physicians and their patients to be more efficient in managing chronic problems considering the short time available for ambulatory care.

In outpatient consultations, physicians utilize tools to optimize time and enhance their clinical interviewing skills, as these interactions can be complex (e.g., new problems, chronic conditions, mental health issues). New problems can be addressed using the TOPIC model (Tasks Oriented to Outpatient Care Processes), which sets standardized tasks and processes to identify needs in this type of visit. This article describes this tool.