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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease associated with zinc and vitamin D deficiencies. A recent meta-analysis found lower levels of these micronutrients in affected patients, suggesting a potential benefit from supplementation. However, higher-quality evidence is needed to confirm its effectiveness, especially given the possible systemic complications and the need for context-specific approaches.

Cerebrovascular disorders remain the leading cause of neurological morbidity and mortality in the world, representing one of the pathological entities responsible for the greatest burden of disease worldwide. Carotid atherosclerosis or stenosis is a potential risk factor for ischemic stroke. The identification and strict follow-up of this condition are essential in the secondary prevention of complications through primary care and the specialized treatment of cardiometabolicrisk. However, depending on this risk and/or presence of symptoms, definitive treatment is necessary. Currently, there is controversy as to whether asymptomatic carotid stenosis is better to be treated medically or surgically. Consideringthe significance of such entity, this review aims to analyze recent evidence on the risk of ischemic stroke in the case of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis among adults, as well a...

Objective: to evaluate the latest evidence on the difference in gastroprotection generated by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine receptor 2 antagonists (H2RAs) in anticoagulated patients, as well as the associated risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: narrative review. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Results: Among the described mechanisms explaining bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract are mucosal damage, alterations in local pH, platelet inhibition, coagulation factor alteration, and vascular lesions. Depending on the pharmacological group, anticoagulants can act on different targets in the coagulation pathway, altering the factors involved in this pathway and potentially triggering bleeding. Antisecretory drugs, on the other hand, aim to inhibit or reduce gastric acid secretion through interaction ...

Actinic keratosis is a premalignant dermatological condition characterized by the potential to progress to squamous cell carcinoma. To date, there is no treatment with an adequate benefit-risk balance. Photodynamic therapy is proposed as one of the most effective therapeutic tools. However, there is still divergence regarding the quality of available evidence. The objective of this review is to analyze the most recent evidence on the therapeutic performance of photodynamic therapy in the management of actinic keratosis. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE databases. Based on the most recent randomized controlled trial comparing the use of dynamic phototherapy combined with aminolevulinic acid without incubation versus incubation for one hour, it was found that the intervention group had a higher percentage of lesion resolution compared to the control grou...

Breast cancer continues to be one of the main priorities in global health and public health, and remains the most frequent and deadly malignant neoplasm in women worldwide. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, whose pathogenesis and pathophysiology are not well known, but which is seen with increasing frequency due to the increase in cosmetic procedures. To date, there are limitations in terms of knowledge about the clinical behavior of the disease, which can manifest itself in many forms, with a variable evolution time and uncertain surgical outcomes in the medium- and long-term. Based on the above, the aim of this review is to summarize evidence on the clinical considerations and surgical outcomes of breast implant-associated cancer to facilitate the identification and management of this condition. A bibliographic...

Objective: to summarize and analyze the most recent evidence on the effect of vitamin C administration in patients with sepsis. Methods: narrative review. A literature search was conducted using the search terms "Vitamin C" and "Sepsis," along with synonyms, which were combined using the "AND" and "OR" operators in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Results: based on recent cellular and molecular studies, it has been demonstrated that vitamin C has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, suggesting potential benefits in sepsis. While some randomized controlled trials have found an increased risk of up to 20% in mortality or persistent organ failure, others have observed a decrease in mortality of up to 40%, as well as reduced hospital stay and mechanical ventilation duration. Conclusion: to date, the evidence is heterogeneous regarding...

Cardiovascular risk and diseases among patients recovered from COVID-19 is a recent field of study in the world medical literature and is also of vital importance because a large number of patients develop complications once the acute phase of the disease is over. The broad spectrum of myocardial injury in cardiovascular diseases can range from theasymptomatic elevation of cardiac troponin levels to the development of fulminant myocarditis and/or circulatory shock, which can leave significant sequelae. Despite the fact that there is no clear strategy to treat cardiac events that occur during COVID-19 infection and taking into account that treatment is mainly aimed at relieving patients’ symptoms as they arise, the objective of this work was to find out and collect current evidence on this subject, so that readers can be offered a reference guide in Spanish that contributes to the devel...

Introduction: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a pathological entity that carries a high burden of disease and reduces disability-free life expectancy and quality of life. Previously, the research patterns and general characteristics of the scientific production on CRPS have not been evaluated or analyzed. Methods: Cross-sectional bibliometric study that used Scopus as the data source. Results: 3081 documents were selected, published between 1969 and 2024. 69% (n=2126) of the articles corresponded to original articles, followed by 13.2% (n=406); it was observed an international collaboration accounted for 11.49% and an annual scientific growth accounted for 7.63%. The most frequently used terms in CRPS research are causalgia, rehabilitation, allodynia, treatment, and inflammation. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causalgia, and spinal cord stimulation are the most popular topics to ...

Objective: To describe the chronology, evolution and impact of global research into chronic postoperative pain. Materials and methods: A bibliometric study was conducted using the Scopus database. A structured search was designed and validated, thereby allowing the collection of metadata, which were analyzed through the Bibliometrix package of the R programming language. The study involved the description of the general characteristics, evolution and calculation of impact metrics of global research into chronic postoperative pain. Results: The study included 1,496 documents, which spanned from 1983 to 2023. Original articles accounted for 70.7 % (n =1,059) of the total output, followed by reviews (n = 357; 23.8 %). There was an international collaboration rate of 15.6 %, and there has been sustained growth in output since 1983, with a sharp increase in the last 13 years, 2022 being the m...