Objective: to evaluate the latest evidence on the difference in gastroprotection generated by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine receptor 2 antagonists (H2RAs) in anticoagulated patients, as well as the associated risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: narrative review. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Results: Among the described mechanisms explaining bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract are mucosal damage, alterations in local pH, platelet inhibition, coagulation factor alteration, and vascular lesions. Depending on the pharmacological group, anticoagulants can act on different targets in the coagulation pathway, altering the factors involved in this pathway and potentially triggering bleeding. Antisecretory drugs, on the other hand, aim to inhibit or reduce gastric acid secretion through interaction ...

Objective: to summarize and analyze the most recent evidence on the effect of vitamin C administration in patients with sepsis. Methods: narrative review. A literature search was conducted using the search terms "Vitamin C" and "Sepsis," along with synonyms, which were combined using the "AND" and "OR" operators in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases. Results: based on recent cellular and molecular studies, it has been demonstrated that vitamin C has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, suggesting potential benefits in sepsis. While some randomized controlled trials have found an increased risk of up to 20% in mortality or persistent organ failure, others have observed a decrease in mortality of up to 40%, as well as reduced hospital stay and mechanical ventilation duration. Conclusion: to date, the evidence is heterogeneous regarding...