La voluntad anticipada en salud mental (VASM) constituye un derecho de la persona con trastorno mental, para que de manera previsora acepte o rechace tratamientos que en el futuro pueda requerir de los servicios de atención médica. Objetivo: Describir las especificaciones contenidas en las regulaciones de las VASM en algunos países latinoamericanos que cuentan con legislación en salud mental, que permitan su realización. Método: Se llevó a cabo un análisis comparativo de las normativas vigentes sobre salud mental que incluyen las VASM en Argentina, Chile, México y Perú, considerando: 1) concepción de las VASM; 2) requisitos de las VASM, y 3) características del modo de obtención. Resultados: En Argentina, Chile y México, la VASM es un derecho asociado al resguardo de la voluntad y las preferencias de las personas con respecto a las acciones que determinan sean o no tomadas ...

The quest of human beings to identify themselves as rational and creative beings has led to the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a tool to emulate human thought and reinforce with automation various areas of knowledge. However, it is unavoidable to approach the ethical and humanistic challenges that are generated in the creation of AI. The aim of the study is to analyze the ethical implications of the use of AI and robots in society. To this end, a systematic review of 221 documents was carried out, selecting for analysis 12 publications on the legal conditions and responsibility of machines and their creators, as well as the ethical responsibility that lies in their use. The results show the need for clear regulatory frameworks to address the ethical and legal responsibility of autonomous systems and the protection of individual rights, suggesting debates on the emerging b...

The protection of personal data in health systems requires special measures and procedures to ensure that the privacy of the information is not violated. Advances in digital technology and access to real-time transmission of personal, family, clinical, and laboratory data of patients and/or study subjects may compromise the protection of this information. The privacy of personal data in health in times of pandemic has meant a greater challenge, that is why this unique contribution is presented, whose objective is to identify the ethical and regulatory safeguards in terms of data protection to guarantee full respect for the privacy rights of people and the confidentiality of their data, under the context of health care, especially in conditions of health crisis, such as the one experienced during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. It also proposes a legislative harmonization in Latin America, on pr...

The generation of multiple personal and health data occurs within various processes related to health care services, health surveillance, scientific research, among others. These data can serve as sources of information for monitoring indicators related to individual and community health conditions, as well as for conducting research that can be used for health decision-making and the generation of public policies. However, it is necessary that the use of these health databases be under strict methodological and ethical parameters, so, in this article, we analyze general and methodological aspects of the use of health databases for research. We also identify the benefits, risks, ethical concerns, and recommendations for the appropriate use of health databases.