Objectives: To determine and compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Peruvian population living below1000 m and over 3000 m. Design: Data analysis of Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquimicos, Socioeconomicosy Culturales Relacionados a las Enfermedades Cronicas Degenerativas 2006. Setting: Instituto Nacional de Salud Centro Nacional deAlimentacion y Nutricion, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Perú. Participants: Subjects 20 year-old and above. Methods: We included 3384participants aged 20 year-old and above, 2425 living below 1000 m (level-1) and 959 over 3000 m (level-2). Metabolic syndrome wasdefined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Main outcomemeasures: Metabolic syndrome and components prevalence. Results: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higherin level-...