Introducción: la evaluación de la dentición en la estimación del sexo ha sido explorada debido a su gran resistencia y dureza frente a injurias peri y postmortem, siendo los caninos los que han mostrado el mayor Dimorfismo Sexual (DS). Además, se sabe que presentan gran resistencia frente a alteraciones patológicas y traumas. Estos factores han inspirado a investigar su aplicación en la predicción del sexo. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre el Índice Canino Mandibular y el sexo, evaluando volúmenes de pacientes que acudieron al CDI en el periodo 2014 – 2017. Metodología: se evaluaron 500 volúmenes por tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) de 184 hombres y 316 muejeres con edades entre 12 y 50 años por medio del software RealScan 2.0. Para hallar los datos, se usó la herramienta de medida y se procedió a determinar el diámetro mesio distal del canino in...

Objective: To determine the association between the mandibular canine index (MCI) and sex by evaluating cone-beam computed tomographies (TCHC) of patients attending a radiographic center during 2014 to 2017. Methodology: 500 TCHCs of 184 men and 316 women ages 12-50 years were assessed using RealScan 2.0 software. The distal mesio diameter of the right and left lower canines was determined, as well as the lower intercanine distance in each TCHC. Then, the presence of sexual dimorphism was determined according to the canine teeth, with the left canine presenting the highest value (5.67%), and with these data, the MCI was obtained for each TCHC. Subsequently, the standard MCI cut-off point was determined, obtaining a value of 0.264 and the real value of the sex of each TCHC was compared with the cut-off point. Results: The efficacy of the MCI was 55.43% in men and 54.75% in women (kappa = ...

External root resorption (ERR) is a highly prevalent, multifactorial problem frequently associated with orthodontic treatment. Treatment is complex due to the lack of solid knowledge regarding predisposing factors, systematic management for diagnosis and follow-up protocols or thefundamental theoretical bases of adequate imaging tools for each situation. This review describes the indications of the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the factors related to its development and the characteristics of the techniques used in the diagnosisand monitoring of ERR in orthodontics. We compared the advantages and disadvantages of CBCT based on the risk/benefits. Methods: We have reviewed and summarized the information and the risk factors available on ERR in orthodontics and the use of CBCT in the diagnosis and follow-up of ERR with the aim of developing a management protocol. Likewise,...

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia is a benign asymptomatic lesion that affects only one bone, which is replaced by amorphous connective tissue. Clinically there is an increase in the volume of the affected area, which is observed by imaging as a radiopaque area with diffuse non-corticalized limits capable of expanding to neighboring structures, and it is histologically evidenced as “resembling Chinese characters”. The lesion is seen as a radiopaque image with diffuse borders in conventional or digital radiography, while cone beam computed tomography identifies the exact location and extension of an isodense, mixed or hyperdense image of non-corticalized edges. Magnetic resonance imaging is also used when the lesion involves soft tissues or nerves, and bone scintigraphy is performed in order to systemically observe bone quality. The objective of this article was to describe the new technol...

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión actualizada de la literatura sobre la importancia del uso de la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) en el reconocimiento de la trayectoria y las variantes del canal mandibular (VCM), ya que esta permite obtener imágenes de alta calidad, con una exactitud de 94%, aproximadamente, mientras que la radiografía intraoral periapical (RIP) tiene un 53% y la radiografía extraoral panorámica (REP) presenta un 17% de exactitud. Las incidencias de las variantes del canal mandibular en estudios realizados utilizando TCHC fueron entre un 1,3% y un 69%. Estas pueden diferir entre los pacientes de diferentes orígenes étnicos y, a su vez, dentro de la misma población étnica; además, hay grandes diferencias en los tipos y configuraciones de las VCM dentro de cada grupo étnico. Estudios realizados han demostrado histológicamente...

Osteomyelitis of the jaws (OM) is an infectious pathology involving the bone marrow. It is due to various etiologies, the main one being odontogenic. The diagnosis of OM is a challenge for dentists, who must rely on clinical and imaging examinations. Panoramic radiography is the most frequently used imaging test, but it has some limitations that have improved with the incorporation of new imaging methods such as computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scintigraphy with radionuclides. The purpose of this review was to describe the imaging characteristics of OM of the jaws according to the radiological diagnostic methods available in the literature in order to provide radiologist with greater knowledge and improve reporting in daily practice.

Sialolithiasis is one of the most common pathologies of the major salivary glands and occurs more frequently in the submandibular glands. Between 80 and 95% of sialoliths develop in the submandibular glands, between 5 and 20% in the parotid gland, and only 1% in the sublingual gland. Sialoliths form within the parenchyma and associated duct systems. In Wharton's duct (80- 90%) and only 15% in the gland. Sialolithiasis is the cause of pain and inflammation of the salivary gland by obstructing the duct and preventing salivary secretion, before, during and after food. The objective of this article was to review the different diagnostic imaging methods used for the study of calcifications of the submandibular gland, based on different studies reported in contemporary scientific literature, in order to establish the correct diagnosis. A search of the literature was carried out in the main inf...

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is currently classified as a benign tumor of ectomesenchymal origin, observed between the second and fourth decade of age, with a predilection in women and predominance in the mandibular region, composed of rounded and angular cells embedded in an abundant myxoid stroma, of aggressive biological behavior, having the characteristic of being locally infiltrative. Tumor cells spread in the intratrabecular space beyond the bone limit, makingit difficult to determine the edge of the tumor, even without cortical continuity, presenting intermittent direct contact with soft tissue; the appearance can be unilocular (small lesions), or commonly the typical image is that of a destructive lesion with poorly defined borders with a multilocular growth pattern, for which the use of advanced medical images such as Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CTHC), Computed Tomography (CT), Ma...