This article presents an analysis of the factors that favoured the transition of farmers in Shambillo from an illegal economy supported by the coca leaf to one based on the cultivation of oil palm in the framework of the intervention of an alternative development programme (PDA) which resulted in the creation of the Association of Palmiculturists of Shambillo (ASPASH). In Peru the successful experiences of agrarian organizations are few, the present work takes one of these cases and analyzes the factors that, from the perspective of the target public of the PDA, contributed to their functionig. This research argues that the risk experience with the cultivation of coca and the interest of local actors with prestige in being part of the PDA helped to overcome the mistrust and allowed the creation of ASPASH. After more than 15 years of foundation, we found a farming organization in the Amaz...

This article presents an analysis of the factors that favoured the transition of farmers in Shambillo from an illegal economy supported by the coca leaf to one based on the cultivation of oil palm in the framework of the intervention of an alternative development programme (PDA) which resulted in the creation of the Association of Palmiculturists of Shambillo (ASPASH). In Peru the successful experiences of agrarian organizations are few, the present work takes one of these cases and analyzes the factors that, from the perspective of the target public of the PDA, contributed to their functionig. This research argues that the risk experience with the cultivation of coca and the interest of local actors with prestige in being part of the PDA helped to overcome the mistrust and allowed the creation of ASPASH. After more than 15 years of foundation, we found a farming organization in the Amaz...

This article presents an analysis of the factors that favoured the transition of farmers in Shambillo from an illegal economy supported by the coca leaf to one based on the cultivation of oil palm in the framework of the intervention of an alternative development programme (PDA) which resulted in the creation of the Association of Palmiculturists of Shambillo (ASPASH). In Peru the successful experiences of agrarian organizations are few, the present work takes one of these cases and analyzes the factors that, from the perspective of the target public of the PDA, contributed to their functionig. This research argues that the risk experience with the cultivation of coca and the interest of local actors with prestige in being part of the PDA helped to overcome the mistrust and allowed the creation of ASPASH. After more than 15 years of foundation, we found a farming organization in the Amaz...

Este trabajo se centra en la Asociación de Palmicultores de Shambillo (ASPASH), como una experiencia exitosa de PDA en la Amazonía peruana mediante la transición de una economía ilegal cocalera a una de legalidad basada en el cultivo de palma aceitera y producción de aceite de palma. Con más de 15 años de funcionamiento, ASPASH no solo ha logrado rentabilidad económica, sino también generar un espacio de seguridad, legalidad y de mejores expectativas de vida para los asociados y sus familias. Sin embargo, no todos los participantes en ASPASH lograron iguales resultados, por lo que se discuten los factores del éxito de algunos socios y el fracaso de otros. El objetivo de esta tesis es explicar dicha transición y el proceso de consolidación de los asociados como productores de palma aceitera. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten ver qué factores han contribuido al éxito de...

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general, determinar el nivel de relación entre el Endeudamiento y la rentabilidad de una empresa molinera de la provincia de Lambayeque periodo 2018 – 2020, en la cual se utilizó como metodología un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica y diseño no experimental. Para la cual, se consideró como población los estados financieros de los periodos 2018 – 2020, para el proceso de análisis se utilizó la recolección de datos de los estados financieros de las variables en estudio. Teniendo como resultados en la variable de endeudamiento, con los indicadores de endeudamiento general para los periodos del 2018 al 2020 un ratio de 39%, 41% y 44%, su autonomía financiera de 61%, 59% y 56% y finalmente el endeudamiento a corto plazo es de 65%, 70% y 79%, respectivamente en dichos periodos. En cuanto a la variable de rentabilidad sus indicador...

Este trabajo se centra en la Asociación de Palmicultores de Shambillo (ASPASH), como una experiencia exitosa de PDA en la Amazonía peruana mediante la transición de una economía ilegal cocalera a una de legalidad basada en el cultivo de palma aceitera y producción de aceite de palma. Con más de 15 años de funcionamiento, ASPASH no solo ha logrado rentabilidad económica, sino también generar un espacio de seguridad, legalidad y de mejores expectativas de vida para los asociados y sus familias. Sin embargo, no todos los participantes en ASPASH lograron iguales resultados, por lo que se discuten los factores del éxito de algunos socios y el fracaso de otros. El objetivo de esta tesis es explicar dicha transición y el proceso de consolidación de los asociados como productores de palma aceitera. Los resultados de este trabajo permiten ver qué factores han contribuido al éxito de...

Land abandonment and forest succession in the Polish Carpathians have led to varied impacts on the landscape, from biodiversity benefits to the loss of sociocultural agricultural practices. This study investigates the impacts of land abandonment and forest succession in the Polish Carpathians, focusing on forest regeneration and wolf repopulation from 1970 to 2013. The relationship between increasing forest cover and interface areas is examined. Wild-Urban (WUI), evaluating whether this forest growth provides suitable habitats for wolves. The research contemplates the interaction between forest expansion and human presence, highlighting how the proliferation of human settlements affects the suitability of habitats for large carnivores. Connectivity analyzes and optimal path algorithms are used to determine the interconnection between potential wolf habitats and WUI areas, thereby address...

This article provides a narrative synthesis of the academic literature on coca cultivation and illegal mining in the Peruvian Amazon. Through secondary sources, it analyzes the expansion of these illicit economies into the eastern Amazon. In addition, the article presents and discusses four myths about illicit economies prevalent in public debate and the media, which prevent an understanding of the complexity behind these phenomena. The myths revolve around i) a full understanding of the extent and distribution of coca cultivation and illegal mining, ii) the existence of a direct relationship between illicit economies and violence, iii) the role of indigenous peoples in the expansion of these activities and, finally, iv) the absence or limited presence of the State in these contexts. Based on a narrative review of the literature, this article uses the findings of recent empirical evidenc...

This article provides a narrative synthesis of the academic literature on coca cultivation and illegal mining in the Peruvian Amazon. Through secondary sources, it analyzes the expansion of these illicit economies into the eastern Amazon. In addition, the article presents and discusses four myths about illicit economies prevalent in public debate and the media, which prevent an understanding of the complexity behind these phenomena. The myths revolve around i) a full understanding of the extent and distribution of coca cultivation and illegal mining, ii) the existence of a direct relationship between illicit economies and violence, iii) the role of indigenous peoples in the expansion of these activities and, finally, iv) the absence or limited presence of the State in these contexts. Based on a narrative review of the literature, this article uses the findings of recent empirical evidenc...

This article provides a narrative synthesis of the academic literature on coca cultivation and illegal mining in the Peruvian Amazon. Through secondary sources, it analyzes the expansion of these illicit economies into the eastern Amazon. In addition, the article presents and discusses four myths about illicit economies prevalent in public debate and the media, which prevent an understanding of the complexity behind these phenomena. The myths revolve around i) a full understanding of the extent and distribution of coca cultivation and illegal mining, ii) the existence of a direct relationship between illicit economies and violence, iii) the role of indigenous peoples in the expansion of these activities and, finally, iv) the absence or limited presence of the State in these contexts. Based on a narrative review of the literature, this article uses the findings of recent empirical evidenc...