A review of renal physiopathology of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is performed. The paradigmatic focusing of the DM2 treatment by means only on the glycemic control is analyzed. A review of mechanism of action of the so called sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters inhibitors type 2 (SGLT2) is done as well as its indications, cardiovascular safety, pleiotrophic effects, potential side effects and their role in dismissing the severity and mortality due cardiovascular and renal complications. The three main STLT2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin, canagliflozin and empagliflozin) have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment ofDM2 both as mono therapy as well as in combination with insulin and/or oral hypoglycemic agents. They produce a significant weight loss, beneficial effects on blood pressure and changes in lipid profile.

Paragangliomas are uncommon tumors that originate in the autonomic nervous system and whose clinical manifestations result from excessive catecholamine production. Most of those arising from parasympathetic ganglia are located in the neck and at the base of the skull, along the branches of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. On the other hand, sympathetic paragangliomas occur outside the adrenal, gland along the sympathetic chain. Approximately 75 % of them occur in the abdomen, most of which are functional and present with hypersecretion of catecholamines. These tumors exhibit varying degress of aggressiveness and are characterized by a wide spectrum of hereditary predisposition. In fact, more than one-third exhibit such susceptibility. Five hereditary syndromes have been described, each with different pathogenic variants. Moreover, it is known that there are various genotypic and ph...

Introduction. Vitamin D deficiency is considered a public health problem in other countries. Has been reported that this deficiency is related to the risk of developing metabolic diseases. Methods. Study descriptive, crosssectional design in 110 adult women of Lima Metropolitana. The Body Mass Index (MBI) was calculated to define the nutritional status. Blood levels of insulin, glucose, lipid profile and 25 (OH) D (vitamin D) were determined. It was calculated Homeostatic Model of Assessment Index (HOMA-I). Was calculated and to define insulin resistance (IR) a HOMA-I ≥ 2,7. For the deficiency of 25 (OH)-D, the cut-off point was 30 ng/mL for the intake of vitamin D a frequency of consumption was used. The identification of dyslipidemias was made as recommended by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Results. In patients with vitamin D deficiency, the average a...