The aim of this study was to identify the areas of participation of veterinarians, framed within their training and professional skills in the development of Healthy Municipalities. A bibliographic search was carried out to collect the activities carried out in the Healthy Municipalities and health promotion strategies articulated to them at the level of Latin America and the Caribbean. The study found that the veterinarian has the necessary professional skills to intervene and lead in the various activities within the areas of food safety – animal production, public health, animal health and environmental health – conservation of biodiversity in the framework of development of the Healthy Municipalities strategy. These competencies can also be developed through the strategies articulated to the following Healthy Municipalities: Healthy Neighbourhoods, Healthy Schools, Healthy Spaces...

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the confirmed cases of Zika and dengue, presented during the El Niño Costero phenomenon, period January-June 2017 and that were treated at the Health Centre of the Pueblo Nuevo district, province of Chincha, in Ica, Peru. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was designed that systematized demographic information, clinical signs and the time elapsed between the beginning of these and the investigation, notification and confirmation of the cases. In total, 130 confirmed positive cases for Zika and 44 for dengue were recovered. The greatest number of cases were reported between epidemiological weeks 12 and 15 and in women (76.9% of Zika and 63.6% of dengue). The greatest number of Zika and dengue cases occurred in the age group of 20-29 years (30.0 and 27%, respectively). The most fr...

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the confirmed cases of Zika and dengue, presented during the El Niño Costero phenomenon, period January-June 2017 and that were treated at the Health Centre of the Pueblo Nuevo district, province of Chincha, in Ica, Peru. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was designed that systematized demographic information, clinical signs and the time elapsed between the beginning of these and the investigation, notification and confirmation of the cases. In total, 130 confirmed positive cases for Zika and 44 for dengue were recovered. The greatest number of cases were reported between epidemiological weeks 12 and 15 and in women (76.9% of Zika and 63.6% of dengue). The greatest number of Zika and dengue cases occurred in the age group of 20-29 years (30.0 and 27%, respectively). The most fr...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reach of vaccination practices for classical swine fever (CSF) and Newcastle disease (ND) within small and medium farmers in Peru. Animal vaccination data found in the 2018 National Agricultural Poll (ENA) and confirmed disease outbreaks found in the epidemiologic reports published by the National Agrarian Health Service (SENASA) for the years 2016 – 2018 were recovered. The obtained results  were summarized through descriptive statistics utilizing absolute and relative frequencies. The relationship between the presence of disease outbreaks and vaccination practices below 70% of the population was evaluated utilizing Fisher’s exact test. The study recovered 1518 and 2774 surveys from small and medium avian and pig farmers respectively. 94.9% (1441) of the total amount of avian farmers stated that they vaccinated their animal...

The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of the Peruvian population about the actions that make up the preventive triad of rabies that were reported in the National Survey of Budgetary Programs 2020. The independent variables were the departments of the country (includes Callao), area (urban and rural), geographic region (coast, highlands and jungle) and urban sociodemographic strata (A, B, C, D and E). The study retrieved information from 52 791 surveys, finding that the most frequently recognized component of the preventive triad was going to the health facility (85.4%), followed by washing the wound with plenty of soap and water (43.1%) and, by last, identify the aggressor animal (15.5%). These components were recognized more frequently in urban areas and on the coast of the country. A positive and direct correlation was found between knowledge of the components of th...

The aim of this study was to determine the origin of dogs admitted to Peru during the period 2009-2018 and to evaluate the potential risk of introduction of exotic zoonotic agents. The records of the National Agrarian Health Service (SENASA) of the entry of dogs into Peru in the indicated period were used. Complete information was obtained from 40 860 dogs. The results show a growing trend of annual entering of dogs to Peru, from 2273 in 2009 to 6382 in 2018, with higher frequencies in the months of December (16.2%), January (9.4%) and July (8.5%). The origins of the dogs were mainly from South America (44.3%), North America (29.4%) and Europe (17.4%), specifically from the United States (27.5%), Chile (13.4%), Argentina (11.4%) and Spain (8.8%). The main gateway was Lima International Airport (46.5%) and the and the Aero Port Control Office of the airport for dogs that entered as c...

The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions and practices of dog owners about the management of contraception and unwanted pregnancy of dogs raised in human settlements in the district of Ventanilla, Callao-Peru. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out based on surveys applied to dog owners in 13 human settlements of the district. The variables studied were contraception practices in dogs, management of unwanted pregnancy, fate of these offspring in the community and consequences of the lack of reproductive control in dogs. In 400 answered surveys, a total of 828 dogs (452 males and 376 females) were reported. Of these, 6% of males and 26.1% of females were castrated and spayed, respectively. The main reasons for accepting to neuter/sterilize the dog was the desire not to have more animals and to avoid an excess population of dogs. Instea...

The aim of this study was to determine knowledge and practices related to zoonoses transmitted by companion animals among pregnant women who were treated at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute of Lima, Peru. A survey was used that included demographic information of the person surveyed, possession and handling of pets, and knowledge and practices potentially associated with zoonosis transmission. A total of 250 surveys were collected. Results showed that 87.2 and 46.8% of pregnant women mentioned having dogs and cats, respectively, and 93.6 and 94.9% have them as pets, respectively. Also, 91.6% of respondents said they did not know or have heard the word zoonosis; however, 82.8% said they know that there are diseases that are transmitted from animals to people. Additionally, 57.2% of respondents indicated that pets can cause health problems during pregnancy and 44% considered h...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices associated with compliance with Law N° 27596, law that regulates the legal regime of dogs, among the population of districts of Lima, Perú. A survey was designed and validated that included variables on knowledge and practices associated with the main regulatory aspects of the law. The survey was applied in public spaces to dog owners from 20 districts of high, medium and low socioeconomic status. Participation in the study was voluntary, obtaining 783 surveys. In general, 67.6% knew about potentially dangerous breeds (they named Pitbull and Rottweiler) and 24.9% knew about the existence of requirements for their possession. Besides, 35.1% said that castration decreased the aggressiveness of the dogs and 24.8% believed that the dogs should be trained in specialized centers, 95% affirmed that the owner of the dog must ass...

The aim of this study was to identify cultural aspects in the management of diseases that affect the health of cattle among cattle farmers in the Aguaytía district, Ucayali, Peru. Interviews were conducted with farmers and sellers of veterinary products in the area following a script of previously validated questions. Additionally, the National Agrarian Health Service (SENASA) was asked for information about the diseases reported in the region during the last two years. The description of the management of the health aspects was obtained from the assessment made by the interviewees. Rabies, anthrax and parasitosis were the diseases recognized as the most frequent in the study area. Farmers recognize the main clinical signs compatible with the main diseases, so they do not resort to the services of independent veterinarians or SENASA for confirmation. This has promoted the medication and...

The aim of this study was to determine the importance of stray dogs by the local governments of Metropolitan Lima and to identify the proposed control plans. The descriptive study involved 32 of the 43 municipalities of Metropolitan Lima that agreed to participate. The survey model carried out by the OIE regarding the control of dog population was used. In general, 90.6% (29) considered stray dogs a problem in their district, uncontrolled reproduction being the most serious problem. In addition, 58.6% (17) indicated that the municipality did not have a plan to address the problem, while 31% (9) had a plan and 10.4% (3) did not but were carrying out activities to address it. Surgical methods (spaying and neutering) were the most mentioned by the authorities to try to control the stray dog population, while euthanasia was only mentioned for cases of terminal illness or aggressiveness. Rega...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of pet owners about the risk of infection of their pets with COVID-19 in Lima, Peru. A virtual survey was prepared for clients of private veterinary services in Metropolitan Lima. The instrument collected demographic information, knowledge about the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, cases of human infection, handling of the pet during the pandemic and perception of the risk of infection of animals by COVID-19. The survey was answered by 408 pet owners. It was recognized that the main means of transmission of COVID-19 were infected people (93.6%). Respiratory problems were rarely observed in dogs (8.1%) and cats (2.2%). The majority perception of those surveyed was not to relate the respiratory problems of pets with COVID-19 (80.6%), but they showed concern for the affected health of their animal (79.7%). The practice of walking the pets was ...

The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics of companion animals (canines and felines) identified with electronic devices in the districts of Lince and San Borja, Lima-Peru, in the period 2013-2021. The descriptive observational study collected information from district, species, sex, breed, size, date of birth, reproductive condition, address, and vaccination programme of the animals identified with electronic devices registered in the database of the National Registry of Animal Identity (RENIAN). Information was retrieved from 782 animals. Of them, 24% were from the district of Lince and 76% of San Borja; whereas 83.5% were dogs and 16.5% felines. The highest proportion of dogs was identified and registered in 2019 (74.4%) and felines in 2021 (63.4%). The number of animals registered in relation to the estimated population of dogs and cats was <5%. The age ...

The aim of this study was to determine the possible influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on dog ownership and anti-rabies vaccination practices in Metropolitan Lima (Peru), taking as a source of information the National Survey of Budgetary Programmes (ENAPRES) carried out by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) in the period 2017-2021. The proportion of respondents who owned at least one dog per household had an increasing trend, reaching the highest proportions in the pandemic years (2020: 47.5%; 2021: 50.8%). The districts of Lima Sur and Lima Centro presented the highest (52.1-58%) and lowest (31.6-42.4%) proportion of respondents with dogs, respectively. According to the socioeconomic stratum (ESE), dog ownership had an inverse relationship (rs=-0.95), with a higher proportion in sector E (51.5-60.7%) and lower in sector A (32.5-43.1%). The proportion of vaccina...

The aim of this study was to determine knowledge and practices related to zoonoses transmitted by companion animals among pregnant women who were treated at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute of Lima, Peru. A survey was used that included demographic information of the person surveyed, possession and handling of pets, and knowledge and practices potentially associated with zoonosis transmission. A total of 250 surveys were collected. Results showed that 87.2 and 46.8% of pregnant women mentioned having dogs and cats, respectively, and 93.6 and 94.9% have them as pets, respectively. Also, 91.6% of respondents said they did not know or have heard the word zoonosis; however, 82.8% said they know that there are diseases that are transmitted from animals to people. Additionally, 57.2% of respondents indicated that pets can cause health problems during pregnancy and 44% considered h...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practices associated with compliance with Law N° 27596, law that regulates the legal regime of dogs, among the population of districts of Lima, Perú. A survey was designed and validated that included variables on knowledge and practices associated with the main regulatory aspects of the law. The survey was applied in public spaces to dog owners from 20 districts of high, medium and low socioeconomic status. Participation in the study was voluntary, obtaining 783 surveys. In general, 67.6% knew about potentially dangerous breeds (they named Pitbull and Rottweiler) and 24.9% knew about the existence of requirements for their possession. Besides, 35.1% said that castration decreased the aggressiveness of the dogs and 24.8% believed that the dogs should be trained in specialized centers, 95% affirmed that the owner of the dog must ass...

The aim of this study was to identify cultural aspects in the management of diseases that affect the health of cattle among cattle farmers in the Aguaytía district, Ucayali, Peru. Interviews were conducted with farmers and sellers of veterinary products in the area following a script of previously validated questions. Additionally, the National Agrarian Health Service (SENASA) was asked for information about the diseases reported in the region during the last two years. The description of the management of the health aspects was obtained from the assessment made by the interviewees. Rabies, anthrax and parasitosis were the diseases recognized as the most frequent in the study area. Farmers recognize the main clinical signs compatible with the main diseases, so they do not resort to the services of independent veterinarians or SENASA for confirmation. This has promoted the medication and...

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con neurocisticercosis en un hospital general de Lima. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo en 225 pacientes con neurocisticercosis del Hospital María Auxiliadora entre los años 2002 y 2010. Se recogió información epidemiológica y clínica de las historias clínicas. Resultados: Se confirmaron 150/225 casos. El grupo etario más afectados fue de 20 a 64 años (49,3%) y menores de 14 años (27,4%). El 52% fueron mujeres. El 90% de los pacientes procedían de Lima. El 40% fueron estudiantes, 26% amas de casa, 8,7% obreros, 10% trabajadores rurales y 5,3% desempeñaban labores domésticas. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron cefalea intensa sin respuesta al tratamiento (76%), convulsiones (74,7%) y pérdida de conciencia (43,3%). El 68,7% de pacientes fueron hospi...

Objective: To describe demographic, temporal and spatial relationships of external lesions (EL) with alcohol consumption in patients attending an emergency hospital in Lima. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with EL attended at Hospital de Emergencias Casimiro Ulloa from 2014-2016 including information on police investigation. Logistic regression analysis was carried-out to evaluate association between type of EL and alcohol consumption. Results: The relationship of alcohol consumption and EL was stronger in males and from Thursday to Sunday. Contusions instead of stab wounds were more likely when the victim was male from 15-38 years of age and when had occurred from 00:00 to 18:00 from Thursdays to Sundays. EL occurred more frequently near main avenues at no more than 500 meters from alcoholic beverages were sold. Conclusions: Victims of EL are more likely to be males not necessa...

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de las capacitaciones sanitarias ofrecidas por un gobierno local sobre la persistencia y aplicaciones de los conocimientos de buenas prácticas de manufactura (BPM) en 60 manipuladores de alimentos de 11 mercados y 23 restaurantes del Distrito de los Olivos. Material y Métodos: Se utilizó un test post capacitación y dos meses después de la misma y se evaluó in situ la aplicación de las BPM en el manipulador de alimentos a través de una tabla de cotejo diseñada para el estudio. Resultados: Se encontró que los cursos de manipulación de alimentos aumentan el nivel de conocimientos sobre prácticas de manipulación de alimentos, pero que no necesariamente éstos se aplican en la preparación de los mismos. Se reportó que un aspecto crítico post capacitación fue el desconocimiento de la contaminación cruzada y sus implicancias. Se observó importante...