The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions and practices of dog owners about the management of contraception and unwanted pregnancy of dogs raised in human settlements in the district of Ventanilla, Callao-Peru. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation was carried out based on surveys applied to dog owners in 13 human settlements of the district. The variables studied were contraception practices in dogs, management of unwanted pregnancy, fate of these offspring in the community and consequences of the lack of reproductive control in dogs. In 400 answered surveys, a total of 828 dogs (452 males and 376 females) were reported. Of these, 6% of males and 26.1% of females were castrated and spayed, respectively. The main reasons for accepting to neuter/sterilize the dog was the desire not to have more animals and to avoid an excess population of dogs. Instea...