Los síntomas básicos o experiencias subjetivas en esquizofrenia, son definidos como alteraciones sutiles y subclínicas vividas en diversas áreas de la vida mental. Estas experiencias además se caracterizan por ser principalmente “subjetivos”, es decir, que son experimentados solo por el paciente. Las manifestaciones varían entre sujetos, sin embargo, las experiencias referidas se resumen: en alteraciones neurocognitivas, afectivas y alteraciones subclínicas de la percepción y el pensamiento. Un instrumento referido para medir los síntomas básicos, y que ha ayudado a que ello se vuelva tangible es el Inventario de Esquizofrenia de Eppendorf (IEE), diseñado originalmente por Reinhard Mass. El instrumento ha permitido medir manifestaciones como el habla y atención, ideas de referencias, incertidumbre auditiva y dispersión de la percepción. Dada la validez de dicho instrume...

Objectives: To perform an expert validation study of COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) for its eventual use in Perú. Material and Methods: In a first round by experts, the CPDI was translated into Spanish and then adapted. In a second round, (n = 13), the content validity was evaluated by using Aiken’s V (V). The V was calculated for each item, as well as for the whole instrument (VTOT). Results: Of the 24 original items, only one (S7) presented non-significant values for content validity, reason for which it was removed. The final 23-items scale did not present any alterations for the VTOT calculation Conclusions: On the basis of its adequate content validity, the Spanish version of CPDI is suitable for its application in the Peruvian population. The psychometric characteristics of the instrument, as well as its proposed modification remain to be defined through quantitati...

Objective: To determine the relationship between year levels of medical studies and depressive and anxious symptoms during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of medical students in Lima, controlling specifically the variables sex and presence of underlying medical conditions. Material and Methods: An online survey collected information from 250 medical students, covering general data, previous medical history and symptoms of depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). Data were managed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: Differences were found between years of study and the combined values of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (Wilks’ Λ = 0.86; p = 1.68 x 10-4; η2p = 0.08). Underlying medical conditions also showed significant differences for the combined values of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (Wilks’ Λ = 0.94, p = 4.43 x 10-4, η2p = 0.06). The univariate test for year of study sh...

Objective: To determine the relationship and connecting factors between pre-existing diseases, medication intake and peritraumatic distress in physicians in face-to-face activity in the city of Lima, Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The study included physicians working in the first line of care of patients with COVID-19, as well as physicians working in other areas. The instruments used were the COVID-19 related Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7). A general linear model was performed taking the CPDI values as the dependent variable to assess distress-related factors. Results: 288 physicians were included, 54.50% of whom worked in the front line. The CPDI value showed a direct relationship with GAD-7 and PHQ-9, as well as with medical illness. A statistically significant direct relationsh...