This work has been financed by the FONDECYT-CONCYTEC (agreements No. 167 and No.168) and developed in the Photonics Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Universidad Nacional de Ingenier´ıa

The objective of this study was to characterize banana farms in the Cuyani Microbasin in the district of Pichanaki, Chanchamayo province (Junín, Peru). We worked with a producer organization that has 400 partners, of which a sample was taken (n = 80) using the proportions method. It was found that the banana farms are very diverse, the person in charge is mostly a man, but there is an interesting percentage of the female gender in the administration of the farms. In general, producers have a basic educational level. The production system is traditional, the banana is grown alone or associated with other crops, such as coffee. Most producers consider that pests and diseases are the main factors limiting production, since they reduce yields and increase production costs. The farms were classified in five groups, the most important of which was 45% of the farms whose owner is a male, betwe...

Se aplicaron encuestas a una muestra de 83 productores de limón de esta provincia, con preguntas estructuradas sobre dimensiones económicas, ecológicas y socioculturales. La sustentabilidad se determinó con técnicas de análisis multicriterio para calcular el Indicador Económico (IK), Indicador Ecológico (IE) e Indicador Sociocultural (ISC), para estimar el Indicador General de Sustentabilidad (IS Gen) de cada finca. El 25,3% de las explotaciones tenían un IK> 2; 60,24% un IE> 2 y 55,4% un ISC> 2. El 74,7% de las fincas tenían un IS Gen <2, lo que indica que las fincas no son sostenibles.

The objective of this study was to determine the allelopathic effects of leaf extracts of the forest species guaba (Inga edulis) and cadaghi (Corymbia torrelliana) on coffee (Coffea arabica ‘Caturra Roja’) plants grown under nursery conditions in Chanchamayo, Peru. Different doses of fresh leaf extracts were applied to coffee plants using a completely randomized design, with four treatments for each forest species (T1 = 0‰, T2 = 10‰, T3 = 20‰, and T4 = 30‰) and 12 replicate plants per treatment. It was found that none of the foliar extracts had an allelopathic effect on coffee plants in terms of height, stem diameter, number of leaves and dry weight; however fresh weight was significantly altered following “cadaghi” treatment.

The effects of gamma radiation on the germination, survival, and morphological damage in characteristics of the M1 generation of coffee (Coffea arabica L. var. typica) plants was evaluated using seeds collected from Santa Teresa and Chaupimayo, Peru. Under net house, the percentage of germination was 68%, 35%, 10%, and 0% for the Santa Teresa seeds and 75%, 49%, 17% and 0% for the Chaupimayo seeds with irradiation treatments of 0, 50, 100 and 150 Gy, respectively, whereas under laboratory conditions, germination levels were between 70% and 94% across all treatments. The survival rate also decreased with increasing radiation levels, with values of 45%, 32%, 28%, and 10% in the laboratory and 29%, 9%, 6%, and 0% in the net house for the Santa Teresa seeds and 58%, 45%, 38%, and 8% in the laboratory and 42%, 15%, 7%, and 0% in the net house for the Chaupimayo seeds with irradiation treatmen...

We characterized five carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) isolates from two health care institutions in Lima, Peru. The isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 3), Citrobacter portucalensis (n = 1), and Escherichia coli (n = 1). All were identified as blaOXA-48-like gene carriers using conventional PCR. Whole-genome sequencing found the presence of the blaOXA-181 gene as the only carbapenemase gene in all isolates. Genes associated with resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, amphenicols, fosfomycins, macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim were also found. The plasmid incompatibility group IncX3 was identified in all genomes in a truncated Tn6361 transposon flanked by DIS26 insertion sequences. The qnrS1 gene was also found downstream of blaOXA-181, conferring fluoroquinolone resistance to all isolates. CPE isolates harboring blaOXA-like ge...